Hygiena - Latest articles
Results 901 to 990 of 7046:
Obituary: prof. MUDr. Miloslav Tušl, CSc.NEWS
Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):46 
Hand Hygiene in Dental MedicineREVIEW PAPERS
Eva Sedlatá Jurásková, Ivanka Matoušková
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):41-46 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1218
The authors of the review article give basic information about the necessity of compliance with policy guidance "Hand hygiene in health care". A historical summary describes the most important landmarks in the development of specialized recommendations related to the above issue. Having provided the basic information about the hand microflora we continue with an overview of recommended and the most widely spread antiseptics used for hand hygiene. Furthermore, we describe current legislation of the Czech Republic concerning the present problem in detail. In conclusion, attention is drawn to the possible health impairment to hand skin related to the...
The Centenary of the birth of the first Public Health OfficerNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):40
Obituary: MUDr. Jaromír JechNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):40
Legionella - the Devil Never SleepsREVIEW PAPERS
Radim Mudra, Irena Martinková, Marie Fiedorová, Danuše Hanslíková
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):37-40 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1211
A team of authors examines the significance of public health surveillance in medical institutions in relation to the presence of Legionella in hot water systems. The system of public health surveillance in health facilities of the Moravian-Silesian region is described, including a professional conclusion. In the opinion of the authors, based on observation the legionella limits in hot water are still exceeded over a seven year monitoring period. Nonetheless, the surveyed values have declined in the order of tens of thousands and thousands to hundreds or tens of CPU where measures to eliminate Legionella are consistently implemented.
Circadian Disruptors and Their Importance in Primary PreventionREVIEW PAPERS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):32-36 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1193
All vertebrates, including humans, have a biological circadian clock. Their receptors are located on the retina, and information regarding the alternation of day and night are transferred to a centre in the hypothalamus and from there into the pineal gland which produces melatonin (N-acetyl-5-metoxytryptamin), almost exclusively during the hours of darkness. The hormone is quickly discharged into the bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid into all cells. Such immediate information about the circadian phase of day/night changes allows to organs and organism to regulate their physiological functions. Current research suggests that melatonin is involved...
Design Methodology "Determination Reasonably Achievable Level of Noise Control Measures"ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Tomáš Hellmuth, Dana Potužníková, Peter Bednarčík, Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):27-31 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1252
The article describes the initial comprehensive design of methodology for assessment of reasonably achievable rate (RAR) of noise control measures. The aim of the methodology is to determine a relation between expenses on noise control measures and the benefit of these measures regarding noise burden reduction in exposed persons, and to provide subsequent evaluation. A request to determine RAR is governed by Act No. 258/2000 Coll., On the Protection of Public Health and Amendments to Some Related Acts as subsequently amended, and is an inseparable part of the application for granting a temporary over-limit noise source permission. The methodology has...
Health 2020NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):26
The Impact of Life Events on Mental Health of Pupils from Selected Primary Schools in the Žilina RegionORIGINAL ARTICLES
Petra Dankovičová, Želmíra Fetisovová, Igor Ondrejka
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):21-26 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1237
The thesis has focused on the issue of positive and negative life events of pupils and their impact on their mental health. Several goals have been defined: to ascertain the most frequently occurring positive and negative life events of pupils as a whole, and as dependent on gender and to discover the relationship between life events, general health and self-respect amongst these subjects. This survey was conducted in elementary schools and at an octennial grammar school in the Žilina Region. A total of 406 sixth and seventh grade pupils were involved in the survey. The average age of pupils was 12.4 years. Life Events Inventory (LEI), General Health...
The Nutritional Status of the Elderly in Institutional CareORIGINAL ARTICLES
Hana Lukšová, Yvetta Vrublová
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):17-20 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1236
Introduction: Nutritional disorders in the elderly are described in relation to institutional care. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used for assessing nutritional status. Objective: To assess the nutritional status of the elderly in selected institutions through Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and to analyze the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the studied population. Methods: The research sample consisted of 200 people aged over 60 years in institutional care. Statistical tests were evaluated at a significance level of 5%. Results: Of the 200 seniors in institutional care according to MNA, 32% were in good nutrition condition,...
Factors Underlying Mothers' Decision about Childhood Vaccination against PneumococciORIGINAL ARTICLES
Eva Kyselá
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):10-16 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1210
The study deals with the issue of mothers' decision-making regarding their child's vaccination against pneumococcal infections. An online survey of mothers (n = 180) was based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). A hierarchical logistic regression was used to test the theoretical model with the intention to vaccinate as the dependent variable. The theory proved itself as a strong predictive instrument. The results suggest that attitude is the main predictor of the decision. The subjective norm, as the second construct of the TPB, contributes only in certain cases and the perceived behavioural control was found to have no influence at all. The...
Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation: Pharmacological Principles and Clinical PracticeNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):9
Hygiene Journal Web PagesNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):9
Software for Toxicological Data Searches (toXie)ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Zdeněk Fiala, Daniel Drolet, Jan Kremláček, Oľga Šušoliaková, Adolf Vyskočil, Ondřej Fiala, Lenka Borská, Peter Bednarčík, Tomáš Borský
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):4-9 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1204
Identification and quantification of the hazardous properties of chemicals is one of the basic steps for evaluation and management of health risks in the occupational environment. Obtaining data from toxicological and public health databases is sometimes time-consuming and may not always meet the requirements of rapid and comprehensive risk assessment of the properties of the substances in question. The presented work describes Czech software (toXie) for advanced search of toxicological information from the internet databases miXie, NIOSH Pocket Guide, NIOSH IDLH, NIOSH ICSCs, CSST RT and ILO ICSC. The software aims to increase efficiency in situations...
EditorialEDITORIAL
Vladimír Valenta
Hygiena 2014, 59(1):3
The Ten Commandments of proper care of domestic water distribution systemNEWS
Státní zdravotní ústav
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):4ob.
Legal Actualities during 16.7.2013-30.9.2013SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):180
Quod bonum, felix, faustum, fortunatumque sitNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):179
Public Health Aspects of Annoying Light in the Community EnvironmentSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Petr Vrbík
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):176-179 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0986
Evaluation of possible impact of interfering light induced by eye catchers on population in near house building. Objectification of actual situation, responses of inhabitants, possibility of remedial measure including recommendation.
Conference of European Ministers of Health on Problems of Nutrition and Non-communicable DiseasesNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):175
The Significance of Establishing Quality Indicators in the Provision of Nursing CareREVIEW PAPERS
Ilona Plevová, Katarína Adamicová
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):171-175 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0985
Health care is a high-risk area because undesirable effects resulting from treatment may harm the patient, cause serious complications, or even lead to fatality. One of the options for risk reduction is to improve the safety and quality of provided care through evaluation based on quality indicators. The aim of the paper is to inform about the quality of provided nursing using selected markers - indicators of quality and justification of their significance for patient safety.
Biological and Chemical Weapons - Readiness and ResponseNEWS
Ivan Rovný
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):170-179
Epigenetic Effects of Cigarette Smoke in CarcinogenesisREVIEW PAPERS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):167-170 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0984
Cigarette smoke contains unique amounts of human carcinogens, including tobacco-specific nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These two families of genotoxic chemicals and nicotine also play an important role in stages of tumorigenesis promotion and progression through epigenetic (non-genotoxic) mechanisms. Probably the most important pathways are activation of certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), β adrenoreceptors (β AR) and aryl hydrocarbone receptors (AhR) by these chemicals. The activation of these receptors results in the release of growth factors and neurotransmitters which influence cell proliferation and...
Strokes and the Role of the Media in Public AwarenessORIGINAL ARTICLES
Šárka Urbánková, Jiří Neumann, Hana Potměšilová
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):162-166 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0983
The incidence and prevalence of strokes in the Czech Republic in comparison with other developed European countries continues to be high. Strokes as such belong to the most common causes of death and permanent disability in the adult population. They constitute a significant impact on health care economy, especially in terms of of permanent disability, and the social situation of the patient. New practices and trends in treatment, which are applied in complex cerebrovascular and stroke centers significantly increase the chances of patients being successfuly cured. It is necessary to refocus from treatment to prevention and to increase public awareness...
The Perception of Eating Disorders by Elementary School PupilsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Lenka Suchopárová, Martin Forejt
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):157-161 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0982
This article presents a questionnaire survey of 545 second-degree pupils from 8 schools in Prague and the central Bohemia region. The survey was focused on questions related to satisfaction with own appearance, diet adherence, weight reduction techniques and perception of slim build. Along with issues concerning body image, the questionnaire focused on pupils' awareness of eating disorders and prevention of eating disorders in schools. Responses of certain questions were compared with those in other questionnaires. The results show that although pupils are aware of eating disorders and their consequences they are prepared to follow diets. Girls are...
Is There a Difference between the Life Expectancy of Olympic Gold Medalists and the Rest of the Population?NEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):156
Hearing Loss in Nursery School TeachersORIGINAL ARTICLES
Petra Sachová, Eva Mrázková, Kristýna Richterová, Hana Tomášková, Vladimír Janout
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):152-156 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0981
The aim of the study was to evaluate hearing loss in nursery school teachers as potentially related to occupational noise exposure from children. The quality of the auditory threshold was measured using a tone audiometer. A questionnaire was used to obtain important anamnestic data. The whole set was divided into three groups according to length of practice. Hearing acuity was assessed using average hearing loss at investigated frequencies (125-8000 Hz), compared to ČSN EN ISO 7029 standard and using the hearing loss percentage according to Fowler. Compared to existing norms no significant cases of hearing loss were detected among nursery school teachers....
Licencing the Purchase of Cigarettes (?)NEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):151-161
Microbial Findings of Legionellae in Industrial Technologies in the Czech RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES
Markéta Petrovová, Vladimír Drašar, Radomír Polcar
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):144-151 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0980
Legionnaire's disease is an acute bacterial disease affecting the lungs, with severe course and high mortality rates. In epidemiological terms, the disease originates in communal, travel, hospital, or occupational environments. The most important potential reservoirs of Legionella causing human exposure are cooling towers and evaporative condensers, as well as central heating and cooling systems in modern buildings. The authors present the results of microbiological tests of water for the presence of Legionella in industrial technologies (plastic injection molding, glass and cooling towers) and their potential health effects on exposed workers. Pathogenic...
Quo Vadis, Slovak Public Health?EDITORIAL
Ivan Rovný
Hygiena 2013, 58(4):143
Remembrance of Professor K. Symon on the Anniversary of the 3rd Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University, PragueSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Vladimír Bencko, Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):139-140 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0979
This year we celebrate the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the Medical Faculty of Hygiene on the grounds of our Charles University in Prague in former Czechoslovakia. An assembly of experienced university teachers specialized in all branches of medicine took care of the succesful start and high quality of teaching since the very beginning of its existence. Among faculty members of that time belonged as an important personality professor Karel Symon, M.D. The authors remind his professional profile and his merit concerning teaching and advancing of the modern concept of hygiene oriented on studies searching for evidence-based solutions.
Legal Actualities during 16.4.2013-15.7.2013SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):138-139
Role of the Regional Public Health Autority of the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Methanol CaseREPORT FROM PRACTICE
Helena Šebáková, Roman Letošník, Ladislava Michálková
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):134-137 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0978
In the article the onset and consequent course of the methanol case is documented. It focuses on activities in September through December 2012 of the regional public health authority which was, in comparison with other parts of the Czech Republic, intensively confronted with cases of methanol intoxication. In a risk management frame the basic steps included coordination of other services, public communication and adopting measures to prevent further methanol intoxications.
The Radon Programme in the Czech Republic Is Going OnREVIEW PAPERS
Ariana Lajčíková
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):130-133 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0977
The Radon programme was launched in the 1980s and at present its 3rd decade is being realised. The autor is a representative of the Czech Ministry of Health with the main task to spread information about the risk of radon and about the possibilities of health protection. There is given information of topical interest about activities of the programme.
Professor Vladimír Bencko Was Awarded a Commemorative Charles University Gold Medal on Occasion of his AnniversaryNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):129
Application of Options of the QCM Detection Method for the Determination of Concentrations of Toxic Compounds Depending on Resistance Assessments of Barrier MaterialsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Pavel Otřísal, Stanislav Florus
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):125-129 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0976
The restricted amount of deployable forces composed of highly specialized units of the Czech Armed Forces Chemical Corps can be limiting within the fulfillment of operational tasks connected with problems concerning the liquidation of consequences of either the employment of Weapons of Mass Destruction or the leakage of Toxic Industrial Materials. The paper points to some aspects of the possible application of the QCM method in determining the concentration of toxic substances that have penetrated, based on the course of permeation curves and after calibration of the measuring equipment. The presented approaches can be applied not only regarding the...
Assessing the Nutritional Status of the Elderly Hospitalized at a Gerontopsychiatric WardORIGINAL ARTICLES
Radka Kozáková, Barbora Adamčíková
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):121-124 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0975
The quality of nutrition in old age affects significantly the overall condition of the body, and significant deficits may contribute to multimorbidity in elderly patients. Early detection of malnutrition in old age can avoid worsening functional performance, serious medical complications, increased morbidity, mortality and impaired quality of life. Increasing age is associated with a greater incidence of nutritional disorders, especially with malnutrition. The prevalence of undernutrition in hospitalized geriatric patients is in the range between 30 to 60% and in the long-term institutionalized it reaches 52-85%. Inaccurate assessment and monitoring...
Systematic Review with Meta-analysis of the Epidemiological Evidence in the 1900s Relating Smoking to Lung CancerNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):120
Alzheimer's Disease and it's Risk for Next GenerationsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Jana Povová, Hana Tomášková, Omar Šerý, Petr Ambroz, Kateřina Vařechová, Vladimír Janout
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):117-120 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0974
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. It is a degenerative incurable terminal disease. AD affects a high percentage (75%) of persons with dementia all over the world. Prevalence is very high. Etiology is still unknown. Numerous etiological factors of AD have already been discovered. Pilot evaluation of 334 cases and 102 controls from mental hospitals in project Epidemiology and Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease provided following the results from questionaires and buccal mucosa smears. The questionnaires contain questions about identification, education, lifestyle, vascular risk factors, hobbies, occupation, incidence of the disease...
Low Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Tobacco-related CancerNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):116
Effects of Smoking on the Illness Rate of Children up to the Age of Three (Pilot Study)ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Ildikó Nagy, Martin Sebera
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):111-116 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0973
The retrospective data collection whose aim was to prove the effects of smoking associated with the increase of overall illness rate, respiratory infections and the inflammation of the middle ear in children up to the age of 3 living with smoking mothers and in smoking households was carried out in Brno, Czech Republic (CR) and in Southern Slovakia (SR). The study involved 120 mothers of 3 year old children (60 from the CR and 60 from the SR) and the participating practicing pediatricians. The lowest overall illness rate and the lowest number of respiratory diseases was found in the no-smoking families within the monitored group. The highest overall...
Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS): Results in Students at Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, BrnoORIGINAL ARTICLES
Veronika Šikolová, Hana Sovinová, Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):106-110 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0972
Backround: From the end of the 1980s worldwide descriptive studies concerned about medical students have been organized. Their results gave data about knowledge, attitudes and smoking behaviour among future physicians and other health professionals as a basis for their future target education about smoking. Methods: From September 2011 to June 2012 220 medical students attending the 6th year filled the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire at the end of their State examinations. Results: Almost one quarter of students never...
Meeting of Health Promotion and Primary Prevention SpecialistsNEWS
Marta Špillingová, Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):105-129
Two Decades of Noise Monitoring: Changes of Noise Values in Urban Localities in the Czech RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES
Zdeňka Vandasová, Ondřej Vencálek, Ondřej Dobisík
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):100-105 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0971
Noise values in selected urban localities in the Czech Republic were subjected to long-term monitoring. Time sequences were analysed by linear regression. A statistically significant development in noise values (expressed by noise indicator Lden) was detected in almost one half of 40 monitored sites during 1994-2006. Lden was decreased in 10 instances and elevated in 7 instances. Changes in the various localities ranged from minus 4 dB/10 years (decrease) to plus 5.5 dB/10 years (increase). A total of 15 localities were evaluated in the 2009-2011 period; changes in trends previously detected were found in two cases. Over the whole...
Restoration of not only the Word EpidemiologyEDITORIAL
František Kotěšovec
Hygiena 2013, 58(3):99
The Public Health Service in Russia and Countries of Central and Eastern EuropeNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):96
The Health and Economic Assessment of Physical Exercise Activities (HEAT)NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):95-96
Announcement to Authors of Contributions to the Journal HygienaNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):95
Honorary Appreciations for the Journal HygienaNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):95
Hygiene Journal: 2012 ReportNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž, Věra Kernová, Jana Veselá
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):94-95
Meeting of the Committee of the Association of Public Health and Community MedicineNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):94
Jarmila Rážová, M.D., Ph.D., Deputy Chief Public Health Officer of the Czech RepublicNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):93
The Silesian Meeting of Preventive Medicine 2013 - The Conference and ConclusionsNEWS
Renáta Brablcová
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):92-93
Eva Haladová, M.D., Ph.D., MPH Has Left UsNEWS
Ľudmila Ševčíková
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):92
Darina Hartlová, M.D., Has Passed AwayNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):92
Legal Actualities during 1.1.2013 - 15.4.2013SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):90-91
Steam Stones for Water Pipes: The Smoking of Vapor is Expanding from Electronic Cigarettes to Water PipesNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):89
The Significance and Use of Natural Substances in Cancer TherapyREVIEW PAPERS
Zdeněk Zloch, Pavel Sedláček
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):86-89 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0970
Traditional folk medicine offers a wealth of knowledge concerning the favourable effects of certain plant extracts in the prevention of cancer, tumours and as adjuvants to therapy. Current pharmacological research is intensively concerned with evaluation of phytochemical substances, as related to known molecular mechanisms, selection of incipient and evolved tumours and with focus on those natural substances that influence complex changes in the process sof carcinogenesis. Several thousand samples of plant substances were selected, stored and tested for their possible use in cancer therapy. Existing results confirm the advancement of this research...
Health and Behaviour II. Genes, Behaviour and Complex DiseasesREVIEW PAPERS
Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):79-85 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0969
Non-infectious diseases represent a serious health problem in current society. Their etiology is complex as they result from a time-evolving interaction of genetic and environmental factors, a significant part of which are based on individual behaviour and lifestyle. Lifestyle can modify the impact of genetic load; nonetheless, behaviour and lifestyle are themselves determined by genes to a certain extent. Lifelong environmental influences on the genome are largely mediated epigenetically. Epigenetic mechanisms modify the activity of genes and form a base of the phenotype plasticity. Exposure to epigenetic modificators prenatally and in the early post-natal...
Issues of Presence of Microorganisms on Non-sterile Examination GlovesORIGINAL ARTICLES
Petra Telekesová, Ladislav Dzan
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):75-78 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0968
Preface and Task Objective: With respect to economic aspects of providing medical care, the issue of using sterile versus nonsterile "examination" gloves in operations verging on invasivity and in diagnostic procedures has been gaining increasing attention. This article's objective is evaluation of presence of bacterial microorganisms on the surface of nonsterile examination gloves in quantities that allow valid statistical result assessment. Two hypotheses were proposed: H0: disposable nonsterile gloves may not be considered safe for increased risk of nosocomial infection in examinations or minor surgeries in immunocompetent patients....
Predictive, Preventive and Personalized MedicineNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):74
Comparison of the Excretion Rate of Selected Biomarkers of Benzene ExposureORIGINAL ARTICLES
Ivica Bajusová, Peter Kolarčik, Michal Ihnatko, Tatiana Kimáková, Ľubomír Legáth
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):70-74 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0967
Benzene has hematoxic effects, causes damage to the central nervous system and immune system, is classified as a Category 1 carcinogen, and a Category 2 mutagen. Benzene exposure is limited by public health legislation. A total of 99 biological samples of benzene-exposed workers and 19 biological samples of non-exposed patients in a control group were examined. Concentration determination of two selected biomarkers of benzene exposure was performed using two different analytical methods. Trans,transmuconic acid was determined by chromatography and phenol was determined by spectrophotometry. The purpose of the study was to compare their excretion rate...
Exhaled Nitric Oxide Values in Children Exposed to Traffic EmissionsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Josef Richter, Vladimír Svozil, Josef Mašláň, Rudolf Odehnal, Ludovít Filo, Miloš Verner, Vlastimil Král
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):67-69 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0966
Exhalation values of nitric oxide (eNO) were recorded in a cohort of 117 children with diagnosed respiratory diseases, as defined by the exposure components of traffic emissions prior to, and after, in-patient therapy. A significant increase of eNO values was recorded in exposed children. Following in-patient therapy there was a statistically significant reduction associated findings. We consider this non-invasive method of measuring eNO values to be very beneficial for the evaluation of exposure to environmental pollutants.
Physical Exercise of Senior Women II: Subjective Perception of Selected Indicators of Quality of LifeORIGINAL ARTICLES
Dana Fialová, Věra Vlastníková
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):62-66 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0965
Two experimental groups (an instructed group exercise program and an individual exercise program, healthy lifestyle education) and a control group (healthy lifestyle education only) were observed in our study. Healthy lifestyle education included lectures on physical activity, healthy diet and mental health and was undergone by all the groups. Questionnaires were used to obtain participants' anamnestic data, data on eating habits, self-reported health status and other selected indicators of quality of life. To assess the influence of education and physical activity on mental state, questions focused on expressing positive and negative feelings were...
The Connection between Food Preferences and ConsumptionORIGINAL ARTICLES
Jindřich Fiala, Lubomír Kukla
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):56-61 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0964
Food preferences belong to significant factors influencing diet. Basic taste preferences are inherited, typically the preferences for sweet and salty tastes or dislike of bitter and sour tastes. Inherited taste preferences together with experience and other influences form the extent of preference of particular foods. Generally it is believed that food preferences belong to strong determinants of food choice, and that people, especially children, eat what they like. The objective of the study was to investigate to what extent and how food preferences are reflected in consumption in a large sample of adolescents. The research involved 1,655 adolescents...
Opinions of Canadian Health InspectorsNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):55
Opinions, Attitudes and Behaviour of Parents Participating in the "Non-Smoking is Normal" ProgrammeORIGINAL ARTICLES
Drahoslava Hrubá, Iva Žaloudíková
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):49-55 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0963
Introduction: In developed countries, child exposure to tobacco smoke at home poses a major health risk. In the school-based educational programme "Non-Smoking is normal", active parental cooperation is requested for the purpose of creating voluntary smoke-free homes. The effectiveness of the programme was tested both in the pilot study involving 10 primary schools in Brno and Frýdek Místek, and in the wider study that comprised 25 primary schools in Brno, Zlín, and smaller regional towns involved in the project. A further 25 schools from the same localities were taken as a control. Methods: During the five-year follow-up semi-longitudinal...
Sixtieth Anniversary of the Charles University Third Faculty of MedicineEDITORIAL
Pavel Dlouhý
Hygiena 2013, 58(2):47-48
Does the Limit of Noise for School Rooms Correspond to Contemporary Knowledge of Traffic Noise Impact on Children's Cognitive Development?DISCUSSION
Bohumil Havel
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):43-44 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0962
Disease Prevention - a Challenge for Medicine of the 21st CenturyNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):42
Are the Current Trends in School-meals Heading the Right Way?SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Veronika Šikolová, Sylva Štajnochrová
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):41-42 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0961
The article draws and compares the newly adopted changes in the French and Czech school meals. It compares different approaches of solving a similar problem. The issue of the newly adopted changes affecting mainly the inclusion of meat at the expense of vegetables, legumes and fish in the school cafeteria.
Legal Actualities during 16.9.2012-31.12.2012SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):38-40
The Passing Away of a Modest ManNEWS
Jan Ševčík, František Kotěšovec
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):37
Linking the Register of Occupational Exposure to Genotoxic Factors with the Cancer Registry for the Moravia-Silesia Region: ResultsREVIEW PAPERS
Ivona Závacká, Petr Ambroz, Hana Lehocká, Jana Vavrošová, Vladimír Janout
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):33-37 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0960
The object of this study is to present an analysis of genotoxic risks in the Moravian-Silesian Region and assess the significance of genotoxic factors in the etiology of cancer by bringing together the Registry of Occupational Exposure to Genotoxic Factors and Cancer Registry and compare the rate of detected cancer in persons professionally exposed to genotoxic factors in the Moravian-Silesian Region with the occurrence of cancer in the population of the Czech Republic. The set of individuals consisted of 748 subjects whose records of occupational exposure have been available since 2005 and have been updated at least once. The most common carcinogens...
Human Biomonitoring and its Development on the Domestic and International LevelsREVIEW PAPERS
Milena Černá, Andrea Krsková, Dana Očadlíková, Kateřina Forysová, Růžena Kubínová
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):29-32 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0959
The article summarizes the development of human biomonitoring in the Czech Republic, its relationship to biological exposure tests in occupational medicine, utilization of cytogenetic analysis of peripheral lymphocytes for supervision of occupational exposure to genotoxic carcinogens and incorporation of human biomonitoring into the 1994 Environmental Health Monitoring System. The article further describes increased worldwide interest in biomonitoring. Based on the grounding of HBM in the European Environment Health Action Plan during the 2004-2010 period, the EU COPHES project was established with the aim of creating a unified metodology of HBM for...
Conference: 60 years of the Public Health Service in Central BohemiaNEWS
Šárka Nováková, Ivo Krýsa
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):28
Health and Behaviour Part I - Lifestyle and DiseaseREVIEW PAPERS
Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):23-28 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0958
Chronic non-communicable diseases with the complete determinants are serious health problems in developed countries. Lifestyle factors are important in prevention and treatment of disease. Lifestyle is characterized by patterns of behaviour and plays a comprehensive role in both mental and physical health and the quality of life. Behavioural, environmental, psychological and genetic elements form the lifestyle, are interactive and can modify the hereditary risk of complex diseases influencing genetic expression. These findings correspond to the bio-psycho-social concept of health and illness and highlight the importance of health-related behaviour...
Physical Exercise of Senior Women I: Anthropometric, Physiologic and Biochemic EvaluationORIGINAL ARTICLES
Dana Fialová, Věra Vlastníková, Zuzana Faktorová
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):16-22 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0957
The first part of the present study was to evaluate the effect of long-term physical activity of relatively low volume and intensity on anthropometric, physiological and biochemical indicators of the exercising seniors. Two groups were observed - the experimental group (performing 10-month controlled group or individual exercise) and the control group (without exercise). All groups completed the lectures focused on physical activity, healthy nutrition and mental health. Group and individual 10-month exercise programs were compiled with the same frequency of exercise sessions, with the same amount of time and with moderate exercise intensity. Anamnestic...
Conference of Directors on the 60th Anniversary of the Public Health ServiceNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):15-32
Incidence of Overweight and Obesity among School-age Children and Adolescents in Central SlovakiaORIGINAL ARTICLES
Mária Kožuchová, Martina Bašková
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):11-15 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0956
Overweight and obesity among school-age and adolescent children currently pose a worldwide health problem drawing attention not only of the professional but also general public. The increase of overweight and obesity among school children is the outcome of bad eating habits and reduced physical activity. The Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) project is one of the first international cross-sectional studies focused on teenagers' health and their health-related behaviour. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the occurrence of overweight and obesity in school-age children and adolescents in Central Slovakia. The body mass index (BMI)...
A Noteworthy Meeting at the IPVZ School of Public HealthNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):10
Towards the Effects of Airborne Pollution on Mortality-rates in the Czech RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES
Vladimíra Puklová, Michala Lustigová, Helena Kazmarová, Bohumil Kotlík
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):5-10 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0955
The most important health impact of long-term exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM) is premature mortality and reduced life expectancy. We have attempted to contribute to the assessment of the years of life lost (YLLs) and decreased life expectancy due to exposure of the Czech population to this pollutant, utilizing the concentration database maintained by the Environmental Health Monitoring System at the National Institute of Public Health. The evaluation was performed using two scenarios: the current situation against natural background PM2.5 levels and the decrease of PM10 mean annual concentration in the municipalities...
Are We Capable of Enforcing the Relevance of Primary Prevention in Czech Society?EDITORIAL
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2013, 58(1):3-4
Concepts and Programme of the Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty of Charles University in Hradec KrálovéNEWS
Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):171-172
Meeting of Medical Faculty Lecturers in the Fields of Public Health and EpidemiologyNEWS
Milena Černá, Pavel Dlouhý, Karel Dohnal, Zdeněk Fiala, Roman Chlíbek, Helena Kollárová, Dana Müllerová, Milan Tuček
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):171
The Chief Public Health Officer of the Czech Republic, Vladimír Valenta, on the Concept of the Public Health ServiceNEWS
Vladimír Valenta
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):169-170
Costs of Diabetes Mellitus Can Be Reduced by Effective Primary preventionNEWS
Marie Nejedlá
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):168
Legal Actualities during 30.6.2012-15.9.2012SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):167-168
Preventive Inspection in the Public Health Service of the Czech Republic: Significance and ExperiencesREPORT FROM PRACTICE
Pavla Procházková, Jana Kučerová, Vladimír Valenta
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):163-166
Preventive inspection is one of the most important tools used in public health protection and promotion in the Czech Republic. Evaluation of health risks has been facilitated by the development of new methodologies. The objective of the article is a short summary of the possibilities of Regional Public Health Authorities illustrated via some examples of recent cases in the field of preventive inspection.
Publically Accessible Reports of Restaurant Inspections in New York CityNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):162