Hygiena - Latest articles

Monitoring of Food Offer in Primary Schools and School Canteens in 2011REPORT FROM PRACTICE

Jana Pilnáčková, Matouš Pilnáček, Jarmila Rážová, Hana Střítecká

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):71-75 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1376  

Presented are results of the task of the Chief Public Health Officer (hygienist) of the Czech Republic "The monitoring of food offer in primary schools". The aim of this task was the monitoring of catering, its variability and availability for the pupils of primary schools in the Czech Republic. The data were collected using questionnaires in 493 primary schools in the whole Czech Republic. The results of the questioning show that the offer of drinks and food, which children get in the school, can be one of the factors causing the increase of child obesity. The offer is problematic especially in the supplementary sale, in which the children can buy...

Nutritional Value of School MealsREPORT FROM PRACTICE

Iveta Devátá, Lilian Rumlová, Jana Tomicová

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):63-70 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1320  

The Regional task "Nutritional value of school meals" was performed following the pilot phase of the task called "Laboratory determination of nutritional and energy value of school meals" performed in 2011. The Regional task comprises sampling of meals served within school catering in the Central Bohemian Region in 5 consecutive days. Sampling was performed at 12 catering establishments - 4 school canteens in elementary schools, 4 school canteens in kindergartens and 4 school canteens in establishments providing daily diet. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, salt, fiber and vitamin C content were determined in the analysis of the samples as well as the...

Campylobacterioses and Salmonelloses in the ECDC ReviewNEWS

Redakce

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):62  

Campaign to Boost Knowledge about Allergy in RestaurantsNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):62  

Psychosomatic Eating Disorders: Incidence, Risk Factors, Obstacles and Potential in PreventionREVIEW PAPERS

Vladimír Bencko, Michail Tryfos

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):59-62 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1350  

Anorexia nervosa is a mental dysfunction manifested as multifactor eating disorder. It mainly affects adolescent and young women and leads to starvation and excessive weight loss, with associated complications that affect a number of organ systems. Other eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa and binge eating are clinically less dangerous but equally difficult to manage. This paper examines recent changes in classification of eating disorders and presents a brief review of the clinical picture and epidemiology of their most common forms, with a view to preventive potential and obstacles.

Effects of Smoking on Quality of Skin, Skin Ageing and Selected Skin DiseasesREVIEW PAPERS

Jana Diabelková, Kvetoslava Rimárová

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):53-58 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1372  

Tobacco use is the most important cause of preventable and premature deaths in human history. Literature reviews confirm that smoking is a serious medical and socio-economic problem, which currently has the character of a pandemic habit. Smoking is a risk factor of premature deaths resulting from many diseases, e. g. cancer, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, oral cavity diseases. Smoking is an important risk factor also for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, where more smokers will die from this chronic condition as compared to mortality from lung cancer. Frequency of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is directly related to the...

Occurrence of Amoeba and Amoeba-resistent Mycobacteria in Source and Drinking WaterREVIEW PAPERS

Jana Štecová, Marija Kaevska

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):48-52 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1319  

Unrestricted access to drinking water of good quality is one of the basic prerequisite of life. For this to be achieved it is necessary to treat the raw water through chemical, biological and physical methods. However, the water treatment is not exhaustive and some microorganisms are able to overcome it whereby posing a health risk. This review draws attention mainly to the occurrence of free living amoeba at different stages of water treatment and their importance as a reservoir of potentially pathogenic non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Mycobacteria may present a severe threat to human health considering they cause serious infections to the skin, as...

Seneca on Gaining Knowledge of the WorldNEWS

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Hygiena 2015, 60(2):47  

The Health Risk of Lead in Drinking Water in School Facilities of the Pardubice RegionORIGINAL ARTICLES

Bohumil Havel, Dagmar Švadlenková, Lenka Labudová, Jakub Havel, Otto Horníček

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):40-47 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1326  

Lead is a cumulative toxicant that is particularly harmful to young children. Even at lower levels of exposure that were previously considered safe, lead damages brain and nervous system development resulting in behavioural changes and decreased intelligence of children. The main source of lead exposure is food. An important contributor to lead exposure may be the tap water in old buildings, having the original lead plumbing. The aim of the present study was to obtain basic information about lead exposure from drinking water in selected educational facilities placed in old buildings in the Pardubice Region as well as the possible health risks for the...

Health Inequalities: Old Problems, New SolutionsEDITORIAL

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(2):39  

Problems with Salt Intake in the Czech RepublicNEWS

Redakce

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):36  

Response to the Discussion Comment of Zuzana Bartošová, The Nutrition Hygiene Meeting, Teplice 2014 from the Point of View of a Practicing "Nutritionist"DISCUSSION

Jan Ševčík

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):35-36 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1343  

The Nutrition Hygiene Meeting Teplice 2014 from the Point of View of a Practicing "Nutritionist"DISCUSSION

Zuzana Bartošová

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):34 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1342  

The Sanitary and Epidemiology Service in the UkraineNEWS

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Hygiena 2015, 60(1):33  

A Response to the Anniversary Comments of Assoc. Prof. Jaroslav Kříž: 25 Years of Attempted ProgressDISCUSSION

Vladimír Bencko

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):32-33 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1364  

Aristotle on WisdomNEWS

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Hygiena 2015, 60(1):31  

The Cause of Diseases as Reflected in 16th Century OpinionsNEWS

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Hygiena 2015, 60(1):31  

Legal Actualities during 1.10.2014-31.1.2015SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):30-31 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1377  

A New Committee of the Society of Hygiene and Communal Medicine, J. E. Purkyně Memorial Czech Medical AssociationNEWS

Redakce

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):29  

Report on the Publication of the Journal Hygiena in 2014NEWS

Redakce

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):29  

A Hygienist Who Should Have Been Forgotten (Marking the 165th Anniversary of Isidor Soyka's Birth)REVIEW PAPERS

František Kožíšek

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):25-29 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1370  

Isidor Soyka (1850-1889) was a pioneer of scientific methods in hygiene in Bohemia. He studied medicine and then shortly worked in the field of pathological anatomy. He was the first person to describe primary amyloidosis. After his studies under Max von Pettenkofer in Munich, he was appointed professor of hygiene and founded the first Hygiene Institute (as a part of the German Faculty of Medicine in Prague) in Bohemia. He published many works specializing in hygiene and bacteriology and greatly contributed to sanitation projects in Prague and other cities. National and religious intolerance led this pioneer of hygiene to take his own life. Soyka's...

Ing. Jiří Kodl Has Passed AwayNEWS

Bohumil Turek

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):24  

Transformations of Requirements for Daylight and Solar Access of Buildings and Urban PlanningREVIEW PAPERS

Jan Kaňka

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):20-24 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1367  

This paper describes the relationship of requirements for daylighting and solar access of buildings with urban planning over the past decades including current trends. Discussed are options of the response of preventive health care to the new trends in urban design in the field of lighting technology.

Meeting on the Physical Activity of People in EuropeNEWS

Marie Nejedlá

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):19  

Health Risk Substances in Food and Options for the Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases from the Point of Nutritional ToxicologyREVIEW PAPERS

Bohumil Turek, Petr Šíma, Vladimír Bencko

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):14-19 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1308  

The aim of nutritional toxicology is to reduce to the utmost the incidence of toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic substances in foodstuffs, and to ensure an adequate supply of protective factors. Limitation of the intake of undesirable health-damaging substances can be achieved in two ways: by strict supervision of the composition and the quality of food raw materials, and by the choice of friendly technologies for their manufacturing and culinary preparation. This primarily concerns the use of processing techniques that allow regulation of the heating (temperature) of foodstuffs so as to avoid as much as possible the formation of compounds that directly...

Iodine Content in the Urine of Students and Employees of the University of South BohemiaORIGINAL ARTICLES

Zuzana Křížová, Jan Trávníček, Lucie Vítková, Jitka Richterová, Martina Staňková

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):10-13 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1351  

The aim includes data of the iodine content in urine, mainly students of the University of South Bohemia in the České Budějovice. The experiment included a total of 42 students and 21 employees. Empirical data were obtained within the grant project GAJU 011/2013/Z. The content of iodine in the samples was determined on the basis of alkaline combustion by a spectrophotometric method according to Sandell-Kolthoff. The aim of the study was to assess the supply of students and staff Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in the České Budějovice (JU v ČB ) iodine on urinary iodine examination. The average content in the urine of all (n=63)...

Effect of Exercise Programme with Compensatory Aim Targeting on Spine Mobility in School Girls of Secondary High SchoolORIGINAL ARTICLES

Elena Bendíková, Daniela Stackeová

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):4-9 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1330  

Prevalence of functional disorders of the musculoskeletal apparatus in the school population is a precondition for structural changes and often the cause of invalidity in adulthood in Slovakia. Also statistics of health insurance companies correspond with this fact. Therefore, early diagnosis and prevention in children and youth carried out through exercise programs are one of the options of prevention of these facts in later age. The study presents a partial objective and tasks with the intention of the intervention exercise programme to influence selected determinants of the musculoskeletal system in female pupils of fourth grades at secondary schools...

Communal Hygiene in the National Health 2020 StrategyEDITORIAL

Helena Kazmarová

Hygiena 2015, 60(1):3  

HIV in the UkraineNEWS

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Hygiena 2014, 59(4):207  

Iodine Deficiency in Pregnant Women Living in the UKNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):207  

Thyroid Carcinoma in Children Following the Chernobyl AccidentNEWS

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Hygiena 2014, 59(4):207  

General Meeting of the Society for Public Health and Community MedicineNEWS

Výbor SHKM ČLS JEP

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):207  

Conclusions of the Health and Nutrition Conference 2014 - the Future of Human NutritionNEWS

Jan Ševčík

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):206  

Meeting of Municipal Representatives and Specialists in Central Bohemia on the Theme of Regional Population HealthNEWS

Lidmila Hamplová, Ivo Krýsa, Šárka Nováková

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):204-206  

20th Anniversary of the Environmental Health Monitoring SystemNEWS

Kolektiv Ústředí monitoringu SZÚ

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):203-204  

UFIREGNEWS

Redakce

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):202  

Legal Actualities during 16.7.2014-30.9.2014SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):201-202 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1332  

Mission from the Food and Veterinary Office [Preparedness for Crisis Scenarios in Food SafetyA report from the Regional Public Health Office of the Central Bohemia Region]REPORT FROM PRACTICE

Ivo Krýsa, Josef Hrdina, Jindra Taterová, Šárka Nováková

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):198-200 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1315  

The following report from the Prague-based Regional Public Health Office of the Central Bohemia Region, commissioned by the Food and Veterinary Office (European Commission) presents the results of research into the existing levels of preparedness in the event of emergencies related to food safety or animal feed. Auditors conducted a detailed survey of crisis management procedures and their application in practice at the Regional Public Health Office of the Central Bohemia Region. One of the objects of the assignement was to observe the methods for managing an epidemic of salmonellosis involving communication with other institutions concerned, in this...

Quantification of the Influence of the Tobacco Industry on EU Controls: an Analysis of the European Tobacco Products DirectiveNEWS

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):197  

Experiences and Results of Inspections Following the Methanol Case in the Moravian-Silesian RegionREPORT FROM PRACTICE

Helena Šebáková, Roman Letošník

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):195-197 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1307  

In the period following the methanol case public health inspectors verified that catering business operators fulfilled the emergency measures imposed by the Ministry of Health, participated in investigation of cases of poisoning and monitored the presence of foreign substances in spirits. The risk of further poisoning should still be taken into account with a view to the estimated amount of household alcohol reserves with possible methanol content.

Recent News of Tobacco Smoking Toxicology: "Third-Hand Smoke"REVIEW PAPERS

Drahoslava Hrubá, Veronika Šikolová, Aleš Peřina

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):190-194 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1295  

For decades, health professionals have been describing the danger of second-hand smoke and many countries have created legislative norms to protect non-smokers against involuntary exposure to passive smoking. Now a growing number of scientists are interested about inter-reactions of tobacco smoke residues and toxicology of so-called "old second-hand smoke" and "third-hand smoke" (THS). These substances can interact to produce new chemical substances, such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines, volatile organic compounds and others, that remain in the indoor air and surfaces for hours, weeks and months after cigarettes have been extinguished. Although the...

Health Aspects of Thermal Food ProcessingREVIEW PAPERS

Bohumil Turek, Petr Šíma, Vladimír Bencko

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):184-189 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1292  

The recent results of research in the field of nutritional immunology have a wide impact on health protection and promotion-related activities. There is a great deal of evidence showing that the inadequate or lowered nutritional intake is reflected in both protein-energetic malnutrition and immune system disorders. A growing number of in vitro/in vivo experimental and clinical studies documents that the products of non-enzymatic reactions formed during technological and culinary processing of food may play a major role in the emergence and global spread of chronic non-communicable diseases. Evidence mainly points to the pathogenic role of advanced...

Smoking and Quality of LifeNEWS

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):183-194  

Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Other Eating Habits in the Roma PopulationORIGINAL ARTICLES

Jana Stávková, Zuzana Derflerová Brázdová

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):179-183 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1306  

This article presents a questionnaire survey of eating habits focused on the fruit and vegetable consumption of 102 adults in the Roma community. The main goal of this survey was to determine the subjects' attitudes to, and knowledge of, fruit and vegetable consumption (including recommended daily intake), as well as their actual behaviour in this respect. Furthermore, a food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data about consumption of other food groups according to the food pyramid. This survey was also focused on other components of lifestyle such as smoking and physical activity. The results show that the eating habits of the Roma population...

Methodology for Measurement of Alcohol Consumption in Epidemiological Studies of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases and the Kardiovize 2030 ProjectORIGINAL ARTICLES

Jindřich Fiala, Ondřej Sochor

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):167-178 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1288  

Alcohol is one of the most important determinants of health, while its consumption in the Czech Republic is one of the highest in the world. Measuring alcohol consumption in epidemiological studies of risk factors of non-communicable diseases is therefore highly desirable. In Brno, an extensive cardiovascular project, organized by the International Centre for Clinical Research (ICRC) in cooperation with Masaryk University, is currently in progress. It includes an assessment of alcohol consumption and its effects in relation to all significant cardiovascular clinical parameters, but also in relation to other lifestyle factors such as nutrition, physical...

Which Expecting Mothers Prepare for Their Pregnancy and Motherhood?ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Radka Wilhelmová, Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):162-166 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1267  

Healthy lifestyle resulting from well-informed parental knowledge is a condition of both reproductive and general health. Results of current studies show that both pre-conceptual and prenatal unhealthy lifestyles of mothers/parents play an important role in the etiology of different health malfunctions and abnormalities in ontogeny. These malfunctions and abnormalities can be manifested either immediately or with a long latency. The knowledge and habits of women can be significantly influenced by midwives in prenatal courses or, optimally, in a pre-conception advisory capacity. The goal of our work was to ascertain the current situation of pregnanacy...

Health 2020 National Strategy: Receiving Public AttentionNEWS

Redakce

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):161  

Prevention of Eating Disorders and Promotion of Healthy Nutrition in Primary SchoolsORIGINAL ARTICLES

Lenka Suchopárová, Martin Forejt

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):157-161 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1263  

Prevention of eating disorders (ED) remains an elusive discipline in the field of risk behaviour prevention. Prevention of ED in schools can be further complicated by lack of awareness by teachers, fear of the subject as such, low motivation by teachers to assign the topic to an instructional programme, lack of equipment and other problems. On the basis of these considerations, we have cooperated with teachers and offered a seminar on ED and aggregate materials for use when working with students in the prevention of ED. A total of 122 persons were trained, involving 105 schools mainly in Prague and the Central Bohemian region. Over 4,000 students were...

25 Years of Attempted ProgressEDITORIAL

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):156  

Towards the Anniversary of the November RevolutionEDITORIAL

Ivan Rovný

Hygiena 2014, 59(4):155  

Biostatistics for Physicians – Principles of Essential Methods and Their Interpretation Using R Project Statistical ComputingNEWS

Zdeněk Šmerhovský

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):152  

The Central European Journal of Public Health Has Been Assigned an Impact FactorNEWS

Milena Černá

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):152  

90 Years Since the Birth of Professor TichacekNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):151  

EHIS/EHES Inquiry (European Health Interview & Examination Survey) 2014NEWS

Růžena Kubínová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):151  

An Insight into the History of Occupational MedicineNEWS

Jaroslav Volf

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):150  

Rejection of Vaccination and Health Literacy [Discussion Paper to the Article of Prof. Vladimír Bencko "Refusal of Vaccination and False Cards in Hands of Anti-vaccinators"]DISCUSSION

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):148-150 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1304  

The author agrees with Prof. Bencko, that refusal of vaccination by some people represents a serious problem of public health. The author brings information about people's opinions on vaccination published in the Czech webpages and believes that the objections of some people against mandatory vaccination are partly caused by inadequate health literacy, consequences of it occur also in other segments of preventive health care. National Strategy of Health Protection and Promotion and Disease Prevention (Health 2020), approved by the Czech government in 2014 emphasized health literacy as one of its main directions. No doubt, support of vaccination will...

Legal Actualities during 10.5.2014-15.7.2014SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):147 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1316  

"Let us Live Healthily" and "Week of Healthy Nutrition" in the City of LiberecREPORT FROM PRACTICE

Blanka Ptáčková, Alena Riegerová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):145-146 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1303  

The article is a short information on health promotion campaigns held in October 2013 in the regional city Liberec (Czech Republic) under the auspices of Healthy Region Liberec. The campaigns were initiated by the working group for realization of the "Programme of long-term improving of health of people in the Liberec region". The "Week of health promotion" brought to light proper dental care, knowledge on tobacco hazards and quitting the habit, advised of individual physical activity, offered consultations on healthy lifestyle and proposals of healthy eating and a short examination of physical fitness. Visitors received some health education materials....

Vaccination against Smoking: Discussion Agenda. A Review of Scientific Journals, 2001-2013NEWS

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):144  

Health 2020 is a Good Strategy for HealthREVIEW PAPERS

Jan Holčík

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):140-144 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1311  

Health 2020 provides a vision, a strategic path, a set of priorities and a range of suggestions to show what works, based on research and experience in many countries. Health care needs not only more financial resources, but a new strategic approach and new types of health governance and governance for health. Achieving better health outcomes in the European Region requires a significant strengthening of public health functions and capacity. Health literacy is a promising actionable concept that addresses the dynamic interactions in the area of health. Health 2020 is good health strategy for the 21st century.

The Issue of Malignant Tumours in the Czech RepublicNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):139  

Epidemiology of Infection Caused by Clostridium difficileREVIEW PAPERS

Jana Štěpánová, Hana Tomášková

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):131-139 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1283  

Intestinal infection caused by Clostridium difficile (CDI) is one of the most common nosocomial infections. The disease most often affects the eldery, immunodeficient and polymorbid patients. The most important risk factors for the disease are use of antibiotics, hospitalization and patients who have had CDI in the past. Although a number of European countries have surveillance programmes on clostridial colitis, in the Czech Republic continuous monitoring data of individual cases of CDI are missing (reported are only epidemics), which is associated with the absence of valid information on the incidence and patterns of ribotypes and the possibility...

Physical Activity Decreases Mortality RatesNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):130  

Behaviour and Health IV. Influencing Health Behavioural ChangeREVIEW PAPERS

Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá, Pavel Řimák, Ondřej Sochor

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):123-130 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1229  

Chronic non-infectious diseases are a major health problem in the developed countries. Lifestyle plays an important role in their complex aetiology. Affecting the behaviour forming the lifestyle therefore has a strong preventive potential. Cognitive theories and behavioural models illustrate psychological factors participating in the behavioural change and enable to create effective preventive strategies that are consistent with the bio-psycho-social concept of health and disease. Behavioural interventions are used in both primary and secondary prevention, have effects on the individual and population levels, enhance the quality of life and reduce...

Health and the Economic CrisisNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):122  

Noise Measurement of Various Types of Roads and Their Comparison by the Close Proximity Method in the Czech RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES

Vítězslav Křivánek, Rudolf Cholava, Karel Effenberger

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):116-122 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1293  

Nowadays, noise ranks among the most common pollutants of the environment and causes serious civilization-linked diseases. In the Czech Republic, relevant information on the noise level of individual road surfaces and their changes are currently largely unavailable. The present article deals with the measurement of road surfaces by Close ProXimity method (CPX) in accordance with the draft of standard ISO 11819-2. Therefore, individual aspects, which have different impacts on field measurement, are discussed in detail. Partial results obtained within a project of TAČR No. TA01030459 - "Change in the noise of road surfaces over several years of use"...

Noise Levels in Greek SchoolsNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):115  

Analysis of Lifestyle of Medical Students: Is the Study Workload at the Medical Faculty Responsible for an Increase in Cardiovascular Risk Factors?ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Monika Hanáková, Eliška Sovová, Jana Zapletalová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):110-115 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1261  

Aim: The study aimed at analyzing the lifestyle of medical students in dimensions I (risk behaviors - nutrition, sleep, body weight, smoking, stress), II (leisure time, studies) and III (sports and physical activities), and comparing individual parameters in first- and fifth-year students. Methods: 90 first-year students and 90 fifth-year students participated in the research, the average age of the respondents was 19 and 23 years. A questionnaire was used to obtain important anamnestic data. Results: There were significantly more students with BMI≤18.5 kg.m^-2 in the first-year (14.4% vs. 2.2% in year 5, p=0.003)....

Selected Aspects of Sexual Behaviour and the Use of Contraceptive Methods among Students the Faculty of Education of Palacký University in OlomoucORIGINAL ARTICLES

Kateřina Kikalová, Miroslav Kopecký, Jitka Tomanová, Jiří Charamza

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):104-109 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1256  

While sexuality is an integral part of human behaviour, inappropriate sexual behaviour may threaten physical, psychological and social health. Young people are particularly vulnerable, and yet, in comparison with their parents, today's young generation has a completely different access to information. Using a questionnaire survey, the present study aimed at identifying the attitudes of college students to modern contraceptive methods, their preferences in the use of contraceptives, and the experience of young women with hormonal contraception. Additionally, it sought to define the main source of information regarding this area, the average age of first...

Report on Population Health in the Czech RepublicNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):103  

The Thyroid Gland and IodineNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):103  

Health 2020 - Achieving Health and Development in Today's EuropeORIGINAL ARTICLES

Zsuzsanna Jakab, Agis D. Tsouros

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):97-103 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1310  

The 21st-century health landscape is shaped by growing global, regional and local interdependence and an increasingly complex array of interlinking factors that influence health and well-being. Most of today's major public health challenges, including noncommunicable diseases, antimicrobial resistance, health inequalities and the health effects of austerity measures in some countries, cannot be addressed effectively without intersectoral and coordinated action at supranational, national and local levels. The 53 countries of the WHO European Region developed and adopted a European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century (Health 2020) as a...

Occupational Health: Common Ground in the Fields of Occupational Medicine, Public Health and EpidemiologyEDITORIAL

Milan Tuček

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):95-96  

The Silesian Meeting of Preventive Medicine 2014NEWS

Renáta Brablcová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):91-92  

A Vaccination Refusal and the False Cards in Hands of Anti-vaccinators: a Serious Problem of Public HealthDISCUSSION

Vladimír Bencko

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):89-91 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1301  

Vaccination is one of the most important achievements in the field of prevention of infectious diseases, which in the 19th century were one of the most common causes of death in Europe and remain a major cause of mortality in the developing world, especially in the child population. Vaccination is one of the few activities in the area of disease prevention fulfilling all the conditions required by contemporary evidence based medicine and its refutal is to some extent a fashionable, albeit utterly undesirable phenomenon of postmodern society which emphasizes individual freedom in decision making without the necessary evaluation of individual duties...

Lifestyle and Cognitive FunctionNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):88  

Influence of Mental Stress on Thrombocyte ActivityNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):88  

Legal Actualities during 31.1.2014 - 9.5.2014SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):87-88 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1297  

Behaviour and Health III. Psychosocial Factors, Lifestyle and Complex DiseasesREVIEW PAPERS

Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá, Pavel Řimák, Ondřej Sochor

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):79-86 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1216  

Psychosocial factors significantly participate in the pathogenesis of complex diseases. Their effects correspond to the bio-psycho-social concept of health and disease on many levels. Brain functions, behaviour and immunity are closely linked and responsive to the environmental context. The effects of chronic psychosocial stress are described by the allostatic load model which highlights dynamic adjustment of biological processes and the importance of the brain for feedback regulation in adapting to the environment. The personality of an individual, his cognitive and emotional characteristics, quality of social relationships and socioeconomic factors...

Options for Use of Strategic Noise Mapping in Public HealthORIGINAL ARTICLES

Dana Potužníková, Tomáš Hellmuth, Pavel Junek, Zdeněk Fiala

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):74-78 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1268  

To fulfill the requirements of the Directive of the European Parliament and Council 2002/49/EC on the assessment and management of environmental noise, referred to as END (Environmental Noise Directive) the second round of strategic noise mapping is currently being calculated in Member States. From the public health, engineering and project teams, who participated in the evaluation of the impact of construction work on the environment (EIA), there are questions of whether, how and where to use the results of the strategic noise mapping in practice. This paper introduces the possibilities of using strategic noise maps (SNM) and action plans (AP) in...

The Carbon Footprint of Behavioural Support Services for Smoking CessationNEWS

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):73  

Hand Hygiene in Dental Practice: Current SituationORIGINAL ARTICLES

Eva Sedlatá Jurásková, Ivanka Matoušková

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):71-73 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1242  

Implementation and compliance with hand hygiene in health care is varied and depends on the specific practice in question. Generally, it is reported as being of poor standard. The authors quote current knowledge about compliance with policy guidelines "Hand hygiene in health care". Epidemiological investigation was carried out by a single anonymous questionnaire survey with 54 respondents. The most surprising finding was that two dentists in private practice failed to wash and disinfect their hands prior to and after use of disposable non-sterile gloves. We consider it highly positive that dentists in private dental surgeries used alcohol-based disinfectants...

The Czech Medical Chamber Has Supported VaccinationNEWS

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):70  

Standard Intake and Dietary Sources of Selenium in the Czech PopulationORIGINAL ARTICLES

Zlata Kapounová, Jitka Blahová, Marcela Dofková, Jiří Ruprich, Irena Řehůřková

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):64-70 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1255  

Selenium is an essential element and component of many enzymes in the human organism. Deficiency can affect the function of virtually all tissues. The main objective of this article is to present the distribution of usual selenium intake in the Czech population, to compare the obtained values with available dietary recommendations and to determine the most important dietary sources of selenium. For this purpose current analytical data (2010/2011) on the selenium content in foodstuffs from the project of Environmental health monitoring in the Czech Republic and data on food consumption originated from the national survey SISP 04 (Study of individual...

Different Perception of Obesity from Men and Women Perspective - a Pilot StudyORIGINAL ARTICLES

Renata Švecová, Jana Langmajerová, Dana Müllerová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):60-63 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1241  

Sufficient motivation, right knowledge, and appropriate circumstances are the key players for healthy behaviour prone to prevent obesity and its' comorbidities from an individual's perspective. The aim of this cross-sectional pilot study was to detect the temporary state of obesity problems' perception in adult women and men. The Questionnaire - concerning perception of obesity, discrimination because of obesity, knowledge of obesity prevention and individual behaviour together with self-monitored data about body weight and body height - was developed and administered to a randomly selected sample of 276 adult women and men. The respondent rate was...

Is Secondary Prevention of Dementia Failing?ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Jan Lužný, Blanka Skopalová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):56-59 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1258  

Introduction: Dementia is a disease leading to memory impairment, cognitive decline, loss of self-sufficency and deterioration of functional status. Causal therapy of dementia does not exist, disease is progredient in time up to terminal phase with imobility, incontinentia, problems with nutrition and functional dependence on caregivers aid. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of dementia has crucial position. Methods: Observational study evaluating stage of dementia among patients admitted to psychogeriatric ward, Mental hospital in Kroměříž, has been designed. Admission diagnosis, severity of cognitive decline, time past between...

EpidemiologyEDITORIAL

Pavla Křížová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):55  

Professor Symon: a RemembranceDISCUSSION

František Kožíšek

Hygiena 2014, 59(1):52 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1264  

Legal Actualities during 1.10.2013-30.1.2014SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2014, 59(1):50-51 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1289  

Monitoring and Evaluation of Health Promotion ProgrammesSHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Zuzana Derflerová Brázdová

Hygiena 2014, 59(1):47-49 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1219  

For correct processing, health promotion programmes require not only the key element of intervention as a project instrument, but also proper assessment, which means programme monitoring and evaluation. Monitoring and evaluation should follow a sophisticated procedure with specific standards and conditions that need to be respected. Prior to evaluation of the project, it is important to determine specific evaluation criteria; amongst basic conditions of properly selected criteria are correctly selected indicators of such an evaluation. Improperly set indicators, that do not reflect the objectives of the project and are not relevant to them represent...