Hygiena - Latest articles
Results 991 to 1080 of 7046:
Development of Governmental Health Promotion Policy in the Czech Republic between 1990-2012REVIEW PAPERS
Eva Tušková
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):157-162 
The paper deals with the history of health promotion policy in the Czech Republic during 1990-2012. The aims of the paper are as follows: 1) to reveal different approaches to health promotion policy (and to health and health determinants), defined by Czech governments in significant conceptual documents and 2) based on the study of secondary documents to identify significant events of the implementation of the policy under consideration. The value of health as perceived by the government (or more precisely declared in the conceptual documents) and the particular approach to health determinants which, as the article suggests, relates to the political...
Obesity and its Prevention in the Czech RepublicREVIEW PAPERS
Dana Müllerová
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):154-156
Obesity is a chronic disease with increased prevalence since the 1960s and is now widespread in not only in developed countries, but developing countries as well. Obesity with its co-morbidities reduces life expectancy and life quality. Treatment and the indirect costs of obesity are increasing. At present there are fresh signs supporting the effectiveness of specific community-based preventive intervention. Existing intervention programmes are based on individual responsibility and active population guidance towards a healthy lifestyle eg. increased physical activity and healthy diet. The primary effort is to make healthy lifestyle choices easily...
How Adults at High Risk of Diabetes Perceive the Necessity of Physical ActivityNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):153
A Change in the Methodology of Noise Assessment in Protected Outdooor Environs of Buildings as Related to Health Risk AssessmentORIGINAL ARTICLES
Dana Potužníková, Tomáš Hellmuth, Peter Bednarčík, Oľga Šušoliaková, Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):149-153
The presented article assesses the consequences of an amendment to the international technical standard ISO introduced into the system of Czech technical standards ČSN ISO 1996-2 Acoustics - Description, measurements and environmental noise assessment - Part 2: Determination of environmental noise levels, valid since September 2009, and its impact on the process of health risk assessment (HRA) and health impact assessment (HIA). In addition, the above mentioned standard requires the values measured in a distance of 0.5 upto 2.0 m from the facade of a building (i.e. values influenced by the reverberations from the facade) which were corrected to reference...
Monitoring of the Development of Spinal Shape and Static Properties in Children of Primary School Age Using Somatometric Method: DTP Diagnostic SystemORIGINAL ARTICLES
Jana Langmajerová, Marta Bursová, Jana Dvořáková, Dana Müllerová
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):144-148
The aim of the prospective pilot study was the investigation of the development of postural function (spinal shape and statical properties of the spine) in children by the non-invasive DTP system. The sample consisted of 47 children of primary school age who were examined twice - in the 1st and 5th grade of elementary school. Exacerbation of cervical lordosis was statistically documented during follow-ups in both genders, while worsening of lumbar lordosis was proven only in boys. Overall, posture was improved in 15%, deteriorated in 53% and remained unchanged in 4% of examined children. Our study reveals: i) postural instability in this reporting...
Summary of the Conference on Health and Diet 2012NEWS
Bohumil Turek, Petr Šíma
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):143-172
Comparison of Physical Fitness Examinations Measured on Bicycle Ergometer and Treadmill for the Purpose of Primary Preventive ExaminationORIGINAL ARTICLES
Pavel Řimák, Jindřich Fiala, Šárka Kunzová, Petr Kaňovský
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):135-143
The aim of this pilot study was to compare the results of two commonly used indirect methods of assessing maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max estimation) and to assess the applicability of these two methods for physical fitness assessment of an individual as part of primary preventive examination. For this comparison we selected the Cooper run/walk test (CT 12) on a treadmill and an incremental maximum test on a bicycle ergometer (BE). Our results showed significantly lower VO2max estimations gained from CT 12 on a treadmill in comparison to incremental maximum testing on a BE in the population groups examined. In total the results...
The Eating Habits of Primary School Children - Comparison of Children with Normal and Excess Weight/ObesityORIGINAL ARTICLES
Hana Střítecká, Pavol Hlúbik
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):128-134
Childhood obesity is a serious public health concern worldwide. Dietary behaviour, physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle which includes television viewing, working or playing games on the computer are independent risk factors for increased BMI (increasing weight). The aim of this study was to explore dietary habits, physical activity and lifestyle associated with overweight and obesity among children 8-14 years of age, in Hradec Králové, Liberec and Pardubice district. The target population (N = 2042) comprised elementary school children in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th grade. All monitored parameters (skipping meals, total energy intake, food and...
MUDr. Vladimír Valenta, Ph.D., the New Chief Public Health Officer in the Czech RepublicEDITORIAL
Pavel Dlouhý, Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(4):127
Report on the Rusults of the Project New Approaches to Studying the Toxicity of Air Pollution and Their Contribution to Assessing Limits for Selected PollutantsNEWS
Radim Šrám
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):124
5th Conference Global Problems of Public Health 2012NEWS
Jana Povová, Hana Tomášková
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):123
Health Promotion and EconomicsDISCUSSION
Arnošt Klesla
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):119-122
Legal Actualities during 21.4.2012 - 30.6.2012SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):117-118
Modelling of Chemical Exposures in the Working AtmosphereREVIEW PAPERS
Zdeněk Fiala, Daniel Drolet, Vladimír Kraják, Adolf Vyskočil, Jan Kremláček, Ondřej Fiala, Lenka Borská, Peter Bednarčík, Tomáš Borský
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):110-116 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a0946
Presented review article deals with the possibilities of selected tools and approaches in the process of modeling of occupational exposures to chemicals. It also describes the critical elements of effective exposure assessment in the health risk assessment and management procedures. The existing methods of estimation of exposure levels are discussed and their strengths and weaknesses are analyzed. Brief characteristics of conventional-empirical models, statistical-empirical models, physical-chemical models and Bayesian models are submitted. Greater attention is paid to mathematical and physical relationships and factors that modify the basis of physical-chemical...
Comparison of Various Methods for Assessment of Body FatORIGINAL ARTICLES
Marek Bužga, Vladislava Zavadilová, Jana Vlčková, Zuzana Oleksiaková, Vít Šmajstrla, Hana Tomášková, Zdeněk Jirák, Jindra Kavková
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):105-109
Introduction: Body composition is an important indicator of male nutrition and health state and depends on a number of factors. Nutrition and physical activity are primary determinants of body composition aside from heredity and hormonal aspects. We can use different methods for assessment of body composition. If the various methods are used the results can differ widely. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare selected methods for measurement of body fat and its distribution. Methods: Body composition was assessed in a group of 57 overweight adults (21-67 years old). The following parameters were measured: body height,...
Experience in Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to Noise from Road TrafficORIGINAL ARTICLES
Dana Potužníková, Tomáš Hellmuth, Peter Bednarčík, Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):100-104
This article describes the health risk assessment (HRA) process and evaluation of effects following exposure to noise from road traffic on public health. Several different traffic situations in different locations were assessed. Methods recommended by WHO were applied in this assessment. Working materials describe the relationships between outside noise (noise descriptor values) and associated health effects. However, no available work methodology has presented requirements for input data of the whole process which would involve quantitative and qualitative descriptions of exposure levels in the studied population and spread of load exposure in the...
Šobr's Memorial Day - XXVIth Conference on Hyperlipoproteinemias in PragueNEWS
Věra Kernová
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):99
Influenza Vaccination as Perceived by the ElderlyORIGINAL ARTICLES
Andrea Pokorná, Jana Lacíková
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):94-99
The article deals with the issue of influenza and associated prevention including vaccination as perceived by senior citizens. It includes an overview of influenza issues as such, with specific reference to vaccination of the elderly. The empirical survey deals with the target groups' opinions on this issue with analysis of results obtained by questionnaire survey (176 respondents were evaluated both from their natural social environment n = 68 and institutional care n = 108). Results indicate that seniors' opinions on vaccination depend on achieved education. Age and gender were not significant factors, unlike place of residence. Statistical dependence...
Safety and Health Protection in Schools in the Czech Republic - Subjects of Topical InterestNEWS
Linda Fröhlichová
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):93
Heavy Schoolbags as Another Factor of Defective PostureORIGINAL ARTICLES
Hana Kabátová, Miroslav Kopecký, Dana Strnisková, Jitka Tomanová
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):89-93
Effects of the weights of school bags carried by pupils from the first two classes of primary schools in the Olomouc region (502 schoolbags belonging to 263 girls and 239 boys) on the pupils' posture were examined. The weight of the schoolbags of pupils from the 2nd year class was found to be higher than of pupils in the first year. The greatest difference between minimum and maximum weights (8.9 kilograms) was detected in the schoolbags of 8 year old girls. Only 17.5% of children carried bags that were within the recommended 10% of the child's body weight. Thus, 82.5% of the children carry heavier bags and 18.3% of these pupils carry extremely heavy...
Contribution to the Assessment of the Health Risk of Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Diana Ranná, Lenka Borská, Jindra Šmejkalová, Lenka Kotingová, Jan Kremláček, Hana Tamchynová
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):84-88
The aim of our study was to contribute to the evaluation of health risk assessments of combined inhalation and dermal exposure to PAHs amongst road construction crews. Within the framework of evaluating inhalation and dermal exposure of persons there have been determined 15 selected PAHs. Assessments of genotoxic exposure (chromosomal aberrations of peripheral lymphocytes) were performed in the spring and autumn seasons with single blood samples in each case. Road construction crews were exposed to inhaled PAHs at levels significantly lower than those stipulated by work limits in the Czech Republic. According to the World Health Organization (WHO)...
Sixty Years of the Public Health Service on the Pages of the Journal HygienaEDITORIAL
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(3):83
Health and the Environment (Medicine and Geology)NEWS
Michael Vít
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):80
Im memoriam of Ladislav Bajgar, M.D.NEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):79
Silesian Days of Preventive Medicine 2012NEWS
Renáta Brablcová
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):78-79
Have Public Health Limits for Noise Been Set Properly?DISCUSSION
Jozef Dovala
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):77
Proceedings of the Editorial Board of the Journal Hygiena on February 23, 2012NEWS
Věra Kernová
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):76
Legal Actualities during 11.1.2012-20.4.2012SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):75-76
Child Friendly SchoolsSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Vaníčková
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):72-74
The article presents the UNICEF project Child Friendly Schools; it acquaints us with the manual of projects in brief. The project was motivated by the reality that basic and secondary schools are visited by more then two billions children daily, and schooling is not for every child a positive experience (for example: drinking water, school furniture, punishment and humiliation and others). The aim of this project is the creation of a friendly school environment for all children. The key principles of the project are: inclusive education, democratic participation of children, a supporting environment with the aim of developing the child's personality...
Health Promotion in PracticeNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):71
The Secular Trend in Adolescent Physical Activity in the Czech RepublicNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):71
Dietary Supplements and Possibilities of Their Use in Some Degenerative ProcessesREVIEW PAPERS
Jan Hlúbik, Pavol Hlúbik
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):68-71
Occurrence of osteoarthritis increases not only with age of monitored individuals, but also an upward trend is observed both in the prevalence and incidence in the whole population. Pain in the hip and knee joints arise on a multi-factorial basis with genetic load. The pain can occur both during physical activity and at rest. The therapy is symptomatic with an effort to reduce degenerative processes and mainly to eliminate soreness. It is suitable to use a complex procedure at the GP's outpatient department. It is also possible to use NSAIDs, or recommend dietary supplements as well.
Pavel Dlouhý, M.D., Ph.D. Named Associate ProfessorNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):67
Evaluation of the Potential Aditivity and Interactions in Mixtures of Chemical Substances in the Working AtmosphereORIGINAL ARTICLES
Zdeněk Fiala, Adolf Vyskočil, Francois Lemay, Jan Kremláček, Vladimír Kraják, Lenka Borská, Peter Bednarčík, Ivan Kučera, Ondřej Fiala, Tomáš Borský
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):60-67
Exposure to mixtures of substances can induce biological interactions that significantly affect the final response of the organism. The Czech version of the database "miXie", presented in this publication, increases the reliability of an estimate of the additive and interaction potential of any mixture of substances (additivity, supra-additivity, infra-additivity), and can facilitate decision-making processes in the field of occupational hygiene, industrial toxicology and occupational medicine. The structure of the database application consists of 647 HTML documents, summarizing the hygienic-toxicological data on each substance. The data include target...
Inflammation as a Risk Factor for the Development of Insulin ResistanceORIGINAL ARTICLES
Dagmar Horáková, Helena Kollárová, Kateřina Azeem, Vladimír Janout
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):56-59
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive marker of inflammation. It has been shown to be potentially useful as an indicator for predicting the risk of metabolic syndrome, based on the development of insulin resistance. The study verified CRP levels in selected groups of individuals and their correlations with parameters typical for insulin resistance. The following groups were studied: healthy individuals (A, n=126), obese individuals (B, n=213) and patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (C, n=79). Obese persons in Group B had parameters suggestive of early insulin resistance: hypertension, hyperglycaemia, QUICKI (0.305), lower adiponectin and higher...
Report on the Editing and Publishing of the Journal Hygiena in the Year 2011NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž, Věra Kernová, Jana Veselá
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):55-59
Influence of Solvent on Skin Absorption of Pyrene in VitroORIGINAL ARTICLES
Lenka Kotingová, Viktor Voříšek, Lenka Borská, Eva Čermáková, Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):50-55
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent an important group of work and nonoccupational contaminants. Pyrene is one of the typical representatives of PAHs. In occupational exposure the inhaled amount of pyrene may be accompanied by a considerable transdermal intake. The presented in vitro experiment was focused on the influence of carrier medium/solvent (acetone or sunflower oil) on the basic characteristics of pyrene transfer through full pig ear skin, using diffusion Franz cells. Pyrene concentration in the donor phase was 0.00095 g pyrene/g solvent and 0.0095 g pyrene/g solvent. Pyrene concentration in the receptor fluid samples was determined...
Selected Aspects of Mental Health in Primary School Children in the Žilina RegionORIGINAL ARTICLES
Petra Dankovičová, Želmíra Fetisovová, Igor Ondrejka
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):44-49
The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the extent of mental health (well-being, emotional balance, self-esteem and life events) of primary school pupils in terms of gender, type of school, grade and family type. The research was carried out at primary schools and an 8-grade grammar school in Zilina region. 406 pupils of 6th and 7th grades were surveyed. The average age of pupils was 12.4 years. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 12), the Affect Balance Scale (ABS), the Life Event Inventory (LEI) and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (SeS) were used in investigating the extent of mental health. The Demographic data sheet including age,...
Are We Prepared for New Tasks in Public Health?EDITORIAL
Alena Šteflová
Hygiena 2012, 57(2):43
Amendment to Act No. 258/2000 Coll., on Public Health Protection, Approved by the ParliamentNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):40
Kouření a rakovina děložního čípkuNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):40
The Global Ecological Integrity Group (GEIG) Conference on Supporting Ecological Integrity in the Context of Public Health, Prague, July 9-16, 2011NEWS
Colin L. Soskolne, Vladimír Bencko
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):39
The Journal Hygiena Included in the EZB PortalNEWS
Bohdan Rameš
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):38
Challenges and Limitations of a Use of Epidemiology Data for a Cancer Risk AssessmentNEWS
Vladimír Bencko
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):37-38
Hygiena jako poslání - jubilant MUDr. František KotěšovecNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):36
Jiří Ruprich, a New Professor in HygieneNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):35
Whither Primary Prevention?DISCUSSION
Jaroslav Kotulán
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):33-35
Health and Pollution of the Ambient Air with Ultrafine ParticlesNEWS
Anna Pastorková
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):32
Legal Actualities during 1.11.2011-10.1.2012SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):30-32
Acknowledgement to the Liberec Region for Good Practice in Improving HealthNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):29
Exposure to Xenobiotics of the Endocrine Disruptors Family and Related Health RisksSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Vladimír Bencko
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):27-29
Industrial emissions contain a wide spectrum of xenobiotics threatening human and animal health including endocrine disruptors which interfere with signalling systems of cells. This group of xenobiotics cause damage to health not only to present generation but constitutes a potential risk to health of generations to come. The first group of that xenobiotics discovered were those influencinng signalling pathways of estrogens. Up today it has been proven experience that some of the family of xenobiotics have adverse effects on signalling pathways of steroidsteroid hormons and thyroideal ones. Endocrine disruptors can act on several etages of the signalling...
Food Safety Inspection of Restaurants and Other Outlets in DenmarkNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):26
Further Ongoing Education in Public Health in Slovakia - Past and PresentREVIEW PAPERS
Daniela Mihinová, Mário Ležovič, Jana Babjaková, Andrej Kováč, Jana Boledovičová
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):22-26
Ongoing education of health professionals is needed in all health disciplines, including public health. To ensure continuity of further education in health professionals it was necessary to establish several conditions for the further education of health professionals in specialized areas of public health. In view of all that, it was necessary to elaborate and approve legislation and other documents relating to the continuing education of health professionals. That legislation and other documents have been complemented and revised over the years. Currently, further education of health professionals in Slovakia is governed by Government Regulation No....
Alcohol and Breast Cancer - Economic CostsREVIEW PAPERS
Iva Šmídová
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):17-21
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Annually, it affects more than 1 million women worldwide. Thereof, some 11% of the breast cancer incidence can be attributed to alcohol consumption in women. The aim of this article is to create a notion of the proportion of the costs spent to treat breast cancer that can be ascribed to alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic in 2007. The overall amount that is to be spent to treat women patients who regularly consume alcohol is 39 million CZK.
Sleep Duration in Relation to BMI in Czech AdultsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Zlata Piskáčková, Tomáš Zdražil, Martin Forejt, Julie Bienertová Vašků
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):10-16
Sleep plays a significant role in overall health and in the quality of human life. It is not only important for mental and physical regeneration, but also for the normal functioning of metabolic processes, for the endocrine and immune systems. In modern society there is a gradual shortening of the length of sleep due to a number of factors. In the last decade a number of epidemiological studies suggest that sleeping less than 7 hours a day increases the risk of developing obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and depression and is associated with premature mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep duration...
Institute of Experimental Medicine on the Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in the Ostrava RegionNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):9
Research on Mosquitoes in Southern Moravia and Their Significance for HealthORIGINAL ARTICLES
Oldřich Šebesta, František Rettich, Juraj Peško
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):4-9
Southern Moravia has long been an area with very high incidence of mosquitoes. Serious problems occur especially in periods of their massive outbreaks, when a person can be attacked by dozens or even hundreds of females per minute. A mosquito calamity is said to occur in a situation where 10 and more attacks per minute are recorded in a township's built-up area apart from the period of highest activity. One also must not rule out the potential here for mosquitoes to be vectors of human diseases. Several types of viruses transmitted by mosquitoes (moboviruses) have been isolated in southern Moravia, in particular the Ťahyňa virus (TAHV) and West Nile...
Durate, et vosmet rebus servate secundisEDITORIAL
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2012, 57(1):3
Mother's Smoking and Gender of the Fetus Significantly Influence the Enzyme Activity of the Liver in the Human FetusNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):142
Health Inspection in SloveniaNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):141
Assoc Prof Miloň Tichý, MSc, DSc, Has Been Awarded the Vojtěch Šafařík PrizeNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):141
The Population of the Czech Republic in 2010NEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):141
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air and the Behaviour of ChildrenNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):140
Remarkable Events in Public HealthNEWS
Ivan Rovný
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):140
Selected Chapters of Public Health INEWS
Vladimír Krčméry
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):139
We Are in Need of a Broad Open Discussion on Health Care: Discussion on the Article Prevention and Economics by Assoc Prof Jaroslav KřížDISCUSSION
Jan Holčík
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):137-138
Legal Actualities during 1.6.2011-31.10.2011SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):134-136
Bioresonance in the Therapy of NicotinismREVIEW PAPERS
Veronika Šikolová
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):132-133
The article briefly deals with bioresonance therapy in ceasing the smoking habit. In the first part, it reviews commercially presented information (principle of method, course and effectiveness of therapy, its contraindication and side effects) on the websites with open access. The second part elucidates previous misinformation and it contradicts the credibility of the method. Bioresonance should not be recommended for its ineffectiveness comparable with other alternative methods used for the ceasing of smoking.
Malignant Tumours in the Czech RepublicNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):131
Social Marketing Programs Aimed at Healthy Lifestyle: Possible Theoretical ApproachesREVIEW PAPERS
Zuzana Chytková, Miroslav Karlíček, Marek Hrkal
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):127-131
The lifestyle epidemic is one of the most pressing issues of the developed world. It represents a major cause of reduced lifespan and gives rise to significant healthcare costs. As a consequence, governments make use of social marketing program-mes aimed at altering unhealthy behaviour in the population. These programmes are mostly theory-based and primarily aimed at presenting scientific information regarding healthy lifestyle. Nonetheless, recent studies have demonstrated that this form of consumer education is not sufficiently effective. Such education is based on an erroneous model of rational behaviour and tends to confuse the target audience...
Effects of Dioxins and PCBs on the Human Organism and Their Influence on Developing Teeth of Children via Mother's MilkREVIEW PAPERS
Ján Kováč, Daniel Kováč
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):116-126
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of stable toxic chemicals that affect human health and the environment. These halogen derivates of aromatic hydrocarbons arise from combustion and as by-products of various industrial processes. In the case of releasing these organic pollutants into the environment, they will persist for decades in soils, water and the atmosphere and hence continue to be of concern for a very long time after the release has ceased. Dioxins cause impairment of the immune system, the nervous system, the endocrine system and the reproductive functions and are also suspected...
Evaluation of Mental Load with Use of Salivary Biomarkers – the Methodological AspectsREVIEW PAPERS
Oľga Šušoliaková, Markéta Papršteinová, Dana Potužníková, Jindra Šmejkalová
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):112-115
Many professions are linked with occupational health risks. The majority of the population works under conditions of occupational, sensory and mental stress. Psychological stress is a factor that affects health, personal satisfaction, and overall quality of life. Many studies and research in the objectification of stress, or increased response to stress are increasingly based on the method of analysis in saliva, so-called salivary biomarkers. These biomarkers are used not only for the analysis of psychosocial stress as a factor, but also in occupational medicine and the environment.
For the Protection and Promotion of Health in Children and AdolescentsEDITORIAL
Ľudmila Ševčíková
Hygiena 2011, 56(4):111
A Retrospective of the Conference "Global Problems of Public Health 2011"NEWS
Hana Tomášková, Jana Povová
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):108
New Organizational Chart of the National Institute of Public HealthNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):107
On the Recent Crisis at the National Instute of Public HealthNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):106
140th Anniversary of the Birth of Bohumil Vacek, M.D.NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):106
Re: National Health, the Program Health 21 and PreventionDISCUSSION
Vladimír Bencko
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):104-106
Legal Actualities during 1.4.2011-31.5.2011SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):102-103
The National Institute of Public Health – Selection of Historical EventsNEWS
Pavel Čech
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):101
To the History of the Public Health Service in Southern BohemiaSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Josef Hořejší
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):99-101
The author, a long-time staff member of the public health service, returns to the second half of the past century and describes the enforcing of health protection demands for the nuclear power plant JETE being designed in southern Bohemia at the end of the 1970s. In the second part of his article he mentions problems and conflicts connected with health protection of the inhabitants of the city České Budějovice against excessive noise from an army airport.
Children and Bathing in Indoor Swimming PoolsSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Ivan Černý
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):97-98
In the short communication the author submits the issues of recent conferences on baby swimming. Professionals mostly consider baby swimming as beneficial for the child's physical condition, but stress a strict observance of maintenance of the swimming pool. This must include also proper ventilation, regardless the costs which might be substantial. Although there is abundant experience with baby swimming, there still remain many problems to be researched.
Polonium – a Forgotten StorySHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):95-96
The Disease Load from Environmental NoiseNEWS
Zdeňka Vandasová
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):94-96
Prevention and the EconomyORIGINAL ARTICLES
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):89-94
The objective of the article is to call attention to economic matters in primary prevention in the Czech Republic and to reveal that primary prevention could save costs in health care in the order of tens of millions euros annually, aside of the contribution to the GDP. A number of methods is available for cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of preventive interventions. The author presents a consideration on the costs of Disease-Adjusted-Life-Year (DALY) and Quality-Adjusted-Life-Year (QALY) in the Czech Republic and proposes 780.000-1,000.000 CZK/year (32.000-40.000 EUR). In conclusion, the author calls for more discussion on the matters...
75-year-old Jan Ševčík, M.D.NEWS
Bohumil Turek, Petr Šíma
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):88
Prevention of Obesity in the Army of the Czech RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES
Vladimír Pavlík, Jana Fajfrová, Michaela Husárová, Pavol Hlúbik
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):85-88
The author describes the monitoring of risk factors mass incidence of non-infectious diseases and the implementation of preventive programs with excessive weight loss using dietary, psychological, physiological and pharmacological approaches to offer realistic condition for decrease of overweight and obesity that is prevalent in the Czech Army, and to concurrently decrease its morbidity.
In Memoriam of Luděk Bajgar, M.D.NEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):84
Approaches to Personal Health by Teachers of Various School LevelsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Markéta Papršteinová, Jindra Šmejkalová, Lenka Hodačová, Oľga Šušoliaková, Eva Čermáková, Dana Fialová
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):76-84
This anonymous questionnaire survey was carried out in order to clarify the approach of teachers to their own health. A group of 484 teachers teaching on various school levels was studied. Their approach to personal health was assessed on the grounds of prevalence of certain lifestyle factors, namely preventable ones, and of their participation in preventive check-ups. As compared to the rest of Czech population teachers have a better body mass index, are less obese (in 6.6% only), smoke less frequently (7% of regular and 5.3% of occasional smokers), eat more regularly (76.5%), and engage in move physical activity (median of 5 hours per week during...
Health Risk Assessment Isn't Just a Void ConceptEDITORIAL
Bohumil Havel
Hygiena 2011, 56(3):75