Hygiena - Latest articles
Results 721 to 810 of 7046:
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in SerbiaNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):123 
Known or Still Unknown Drug Khat. Reasons for and Consequences of Chewing Khat LeavesREVIEW PAPERS
Nabil Salah
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):119-123 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1436
In some African and Arabian peninsula countries, the chewing of khat leaves is a common habit. It contains many different chemicals, psychoactive alcaloids cathinon and cathin, among others. Khat (Catha edulis) has stimulative effects, its also produces a mild dependence and health damages among heavy users. At the end of the last century khat was included into the lists of to be narcotic drugs, both in WHO and in the Czech Republic. Conteporarly, khat is considered rather social and economic risk, both for individual users and for countries growing khat. In other continents, the problems of khat chewing concern predominantly immigrants from...
Acute Danger Posed by Electronic Cigarettes and Analogous Electronic ProductsNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):118
Possible Ways of Implementing Health Impact Assessment in the Czech RepublicREVIEW PAPERS
Lenka Mařincová, Jana Loosová, Gabriel Guliš
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):114-118 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1441
Nationwide implementation of Health Impact Assessment in the Czech Republic stands at a crossroads. We can learn and find inspiration from HIA implementation models in countries where this challenge has already been successfully addressed. There are two main approaches: anchorage in legislation and legal framework (Top-down approach) and implementation through municipalities and cities (Bottom-up approach). Slovak and Danish models of implementation are quoted as examples of such approaches. The article analyses HIA implementation in Czech legislation and discusses the inspiration, strengths and challenges of the two aforementioned models.
Impact of Social and Family Factors on Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage in a Group of SchoolchildrenORIGINAL ARTICLES
Kvetoslava Rimárová, Katarina Frank, Jana Diabelková
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):108-113 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1477
Physical growth and development in children are markers of genetic predisposition, nutritional status, physical activity, presence of chronic diseases, environmental factors and also markers of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the environment. The focus of our research paper was confirmation of the relationship of anthropometric parameters (BMI and percentage of body fat) and socio-economic, anamnestic and family history factors and other indicators of health status amongst schoolchildren. The goal was to determine the influence of individual, social and family medical history on body fat percentage and BMI. A cross-sectional study...
Health Effects of the Regimen of Taking Meals in ChildrenNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):107
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents and Their Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Life-styleORIGINAL ARTICLES
Katarína Hirošová, Zora Gerová, Martin Samohýl, Daniela Krajčová, Diana Vondrová, Ľubica Argalášová, Ľudmila Ševčíková, Jana Jurkovičová
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):100-107 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1446
Increasing prevalence of obesity as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is currently observed worldwide not only in the adult population, but also amongst children and adolescents. In this study, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a sample of 2,629 adolescents (45.8% boys) aged 14-18 years is presented. Selected cardiometabolic markers were compared between a normal-weight group and overweight/obesity group with regard to physical fitness and selected life-style factors. A basic anthropometric examination aimed at overweight/obesity was performed; overall cardio-fitness was evaluated using Ruffier test. Blood lipids, blood...
Praise to Authors Contributing to the Journal HygienaEDITORIAL
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(3):99 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1490
Iodine Deficiency Prevention in the Czech Republic, 2016NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):96
Exposure to Chlorinated Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Czech RepublicNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):95
The Silesian Meeting on Preventive Medicine 2016 ConferenceNEWS
Renáta Brablcová
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):93-95
Eightieth Birthday of Assoc. Prof. Jaroslav Kříž!NEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):92
Volumes of Scientific Papers Living Conditions and HealthNEWS
Jana Jurkovičová
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):91
Legal Actualities during 16.2.2016-20.4.2016SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):90-91
Lost Years of Healthy Life in the Czech RepublicSHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):88-90 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1451
The World Health Organization (WHO) released updated estimates of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in May 2014. Most important estimates concerning the Czech Republic and comparisons with selected European countries are presented. Healthy life lost years (DALYs) were 3,428,900 in 2012, 89,500 less than in 2000. Reminded is the meaning of DALYs for the disease burden of the society as well as the lack of using of DALYs for the purpose of priority setting in Czech health policy.
Iodine Deficiency in Pregnant WomenNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):87
Evolution of the Issue of Waste Management in the General University Hospital in PragueREPORT FROM PRACTICE
Markéta Korcinová, Jana Königová, Vladimír Bencko
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):81-87 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1414
At the beginning, the authors summarizes the basic legislative requirements for waste management and goals of the Waste Management Plan for the period 2015-2024, with a focus on medical waste category. Next, they are dealing with issues of sorting, handling and disposing of waste from the operation of medical devices and in that context, describing the situation in the General University Hospital in Prague (GUH). They are comparing waste production in the hospital in 2001 and in the period 2005-2014 by type and category of waste, and also economic aspects associated with its disposal. They are describing methods of waste management, which are applied...
The Options and Potential Risks of Materials Using the Photocatalytic Phenomenon of TiO2REVIEW PAPERS
Bohumil Kotlík, Lenka Škrabalová, Lenka Šubčíková
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):74-80 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1435
Presented is a summary of current knowledge about the photocatalytic effect on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles, review of published information and documents about the potential health effects, about their biocidal activity and about possible use of photocatalysis in improving the quality of the environment. It also includes a transparent discussion on advertising claims of producers of paints containing nanoforms TiO2.
Body Composition Influencing the Risk of Developing Diseases of CivilizationORIGINAL ARTICLES
Jan Hlúbik, Pavol Hlúbik
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):70-73 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1455
A serious chronic disease obesity is currently a significant risk factor. It is involved in the creation and development of a range of metabolic disorders. Obesity is characterized by weight gain over the limit. Other features include an increased amount of body fat and its accumulation in the abdomen. Body composition was evaluated in 610 healthy subjects in regular check-ups. It was done by measuring body weight. The proportion of body fat and its distribution was performed by the method of measuring body bioimpedance. The results, pointed out the need to measure not only weight, but also to make adjustment for waist circumference and body fat. After...
Europe on the Road to Increased Physical Activity in IndividualsNEWS
Marie Nejedlá
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):69
Illicit-Drug Users under Treatment in the Czech RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES
Anna Füleová, Barbora Petrášová
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):63-69 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1447
The treatment demand indicator is one of five key indicators of drug epidemiology. Over the years 1995-2014 the Public Health Service of the Czech Republic monitored users of illegal psychoactive substances under treatment. From a longitudinal observation and analysis of data epidemiological trends in drug abuse in the Czech Republic and its individual regions were characterized. Along with basic characteristics of drug use, risk behaviour and related treatment socio-demographic indicators were also evaluated. Results of this monitoring indicate an increasing trend in the number of treatment demands in the Czech population of drug users. Opiates users...
Ambient Air Pollution Concentrations and Asthma Symptoms in the ChildrenNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):62
Hygiena Has Implemented DOINEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):62
Influence of Educational Level on the Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Clients of Health Advice Centres of Regional Public Health Authorities in the Slovak RepublicORIGINAL ARTICLES
Tímea Ostrihoňová, Kvetoslava Rimárová, Janka Bérešová, Sylvia Kontrošová
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):56-62 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1442
The objective of this work is to evaluate the impact of education level on the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its risk determinants among 65,920 clients of the Health Advice Centres of 36 Regional Public Health Authorities in the Slovak Republic, from the age of 25 years. The presence of metabolic syndrome and its risk determinants were evaluated according to criteria of the International Diabetes Federation from 2005. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the group was 31.2%, men 34.9% and women 29.5%. Education level has a lower impact on the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among men than in women. The most significant...
The Health of Migrants in an Italian Refugee CentreNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):55
Impact of Nutrition and the Mother's Lifestyle Risk Factors on the Birth Weight and Birth Length of NewbornsORIGINAL ARTICLES
Martin Samohýl, Roman Rams, Katarína Hirošová, Diana Vondrová, Daniela Krajčová, Alexandra Filová, Jana Jurkovičová
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):48-55 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1384
We focussed on the analysis of the birth weight and birth length of newborns depending on the mothers' eating habits during pregnancy was done. The selected maternal lifestyle risk factors with the possible negative impact on their health and on fetus development were assessed (daily alcohol and/or sugary soft drinks consumption, smoking and alternative nutrition prevalence). We have focussed on food groups with a high protection potential, too: the daily fruit and vegetables consumption. Questionnaire collection was realized in two phases. The first phase was aimed at questionnaire data collection in the gynecological out-patiennt departments. The...
Do Migrants Pose a Health Threat?EDITORIAL
Vladimír Krčméry
Hygiena 2016, 61(2):47 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1481
The cover photo illustrates work of the Slovak Tropicteam providing medical care for migrants in areas affected by the migrant crisis. Professor Krčméry writes about the experience in the Editorial.
Report on the Publishing of the Journal Hygiena in 2015NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):44
The WHO Director on Migration and HealthNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):44
Prof. Ladislav Rosival, MD, DSc, Has Passed AwayNEWS
Ľudmila Ševčíková
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):43
Seminar at the Parliament House of Representatives of the Czech Republic on the topic "Schools Promoting Health"NEWS
Marie Nejedlá
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):42
Cost Effectiveness of Brief InterventionsNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):41
Legal Actualities during 21.10.2015-15.2.2016SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):40-41 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1456
Nicotine and the Developing Human: a Neglected Element in the Electronic Cigarette DebateNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):39
Collaboration of an Epidemiologist and a Municipal Public Health Officer in an Epidemiological and Environmental Investigation of LegionellosisREPORT FROM PRACTICE
Helena Šebáková, Radim Mudra, Irena Martinková, Marie Fiedorová, Danuše Hanslíková
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):36-39 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1425
Described is a case of legionellosis in an elderly male, that began with flu symptoms with consequent deterioration and hospitalization progressing to the IC unit. Only then was legionellosis diagnosed. Epidemiological investigations were focused on tap water in the patient's flat; samples taken confirmed the suspicion. Isolates from drinking water as well as warm tap water contained Legionella pneumophila organisms at 102-103 CFU/100 ml. The unequivocal cause of water contamination was the insufficient heating of the water in the unregulated hot water meins system. An effective remedy was thermal disinfection of the water...
The Health Status of Adolescent ImmigrantsNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):35
Noise Annoyance: a Health Problem or Acoustic Comfort?REVIEW PAPERS
Tomáš Hellmuth, Dana Potužníková, Pavel Junek, Zdeněk Fiala
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):33-35 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1439
In environmental noise management and regulation two categories of noise effects on humans should be taken into account: first by there are direct health effect and second by there is general noise annoyance belonging to the area of the quality of life. Noise, from the point of view of in both categories, should be regulated in the environment - the question is, however, the best proper authority and proper legislative tools for this regulation. Existing noise legislation within the agenda of the Ministry of Health concerns public health safety only and not the general reduction of all noise in the whole living environment. Solving the problem of general...
The Effect of Tobacco Industry Marketing on MinorsREVIEW PAPERS
Jarmila Kučerová
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):29-32 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1415
Restriction of tobacco advertising is an effective strategy to decrease smoking prevalence. Marketing of tobacco products influences smoking rates among children and adolescents, and several studies have shown that youth are more sensitive to tobacco advertising than adults. Tobacco advertising of any form increases the awareness of smoking among children and increases the risk of smoking onset, regardless of the brand advertised. Many countries, including the Czech Republic, restricted tobacco advertising, however, advertising at point of sale and promotion through cigarette package design is still permitted. Important are marketing campaigns targeted...
Chronic Non-infectious Diseases among Syrian Refugees in JordanNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):28
Current Presence of Invasive Mosquitoes Species in Europe and Risk Their Spreading to the Czech RepublicREVIEW PAPERS
Oldřich Šebesta
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):24-28 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1412
In connections with global warming become spreading of invasive mosquitoes species serious health problem. Many of them taking man blood and also are vectors of many diseases. In Europe were detected from species taking man blood Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ochlerotatus japonicus and Oc. koreicus, which were introduced from East and South East Asia and Oc. atropalpus and Oc. triseriatus from North America. Aedes albopictus occur on the large territory mainly in the South and East South Europe and his presence is on some localities massive. Also species Oc. japonicus and Oc. koreicus...
Smoking as a Source of Fine and Ultrafine Particulate MatterREVIEW PAPERS
Drahoslava Hrubá, Aleš Peřina
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):19-23 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1399
Public interest about exposure to inhalable particular matters is obviously concerned especially about the contamination of ambient air, and/or about occupational exposure at work places under risk. It has been confirmed by a number of epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies that inhalable dust (PM10), especially fine (PM2.5) and ultrafine (PM1.0) particulate matter can be an independent cause of many non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic) and also disturbances of fetal development. It has been well documented that burning and heating of tobacco products are the important source...
Why Did Ancient People Have Atherosclerosis?NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):18
Aspects Searching of Tobacco Smoking among Elementary School Pupils - Selected Results of a Case Study in South Moravian RegionORIGINAL ARTICLES
Dana Hübelová
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):11-18 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1440
The prevalence of tobacco smoking is a serious issue among adolescents with major implications in healthcare but also in socioeconomic and demographic sphere. The object of case study is to specify the relationship of elementary school pupils to smoking tobacco based on various factors (age, gender, type of school, geographical location, size of residence, social status, etc.). A questionnaire is analysis tool research sample consists of 628 students. In the study, almost 40% of pupils aged 13 years and 85% of pupils aged 15 confirmed experience with smoking, the differences between boys and girls are not significant. One in six aged 15 smokes at least...
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children between the Ages of 6 and 7 and the Attitude of Parents towards Primary Prevention in the Olomouc RegionORIGINAL ARTICLES
Miroslav Kopecký
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):4-10 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1394
Obesity is an established risk factor for numerous health problems in adulthood. The aim of the research was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 6 to 7 in elementary schools in the Olomouc region in 2014, and to assess the attitude of the parents to the programme which focuses on the primary prevention of obesity in children. The research group includes 337 children (boys n=172, girls n=165) whose nutritional status was evaluated using the methods of standardized anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The BMI of each child was calculated and subsequently categorized within the respective BMI percentile...
The Chief Public Health Officer of the Czech Republic to Our Readers and ColleaguesEDITORIAL
Vladimír Valenta
Hygiena 2016, 61(1):3 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1423
25 Years of the Teplice ProgrammeNEWS
Jan Ševčík
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):172
Conclusions of the Health and Nutrition Conference 2015NEWS
Jan Ševčík, Bohumil Turek, Igor Kajaba, Petr Šíma
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):170-171
Refugee HealthNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):170
Write to HygieneNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):169
Mandatory Vaccination against Smallpox, Czechoslovakia 1919SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):168-169 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1401
The reasons for mandatory vaccinations comprise humane and economic factors and have been reiterated many times over the years. Nevertheless, there is a small number of people who object to mandatory vaccination in the Czech Republic, although the majority of the general public understands the importance of vaccination and accept its necessity. The article quotes the law on mandatory vaccination against smallpox approved by the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia in 1919 and cites the explanation of the proposal of the law by Prof. Ladislav Syllaba, the famous Czech internist. Presented facts show that basic approaches to mandatory vaccination in 1919...
Legal Actualities during 1.8.2015-20.9.2015SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):166-167 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1420
Detection of Salmonella spp. Germs in Sweet Desserts - Case ReportsREPORT FROM PRACTICE
Lucie Hlaváčková
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):163-165 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1409
In 2014, public health inspectors of the Moravian-Silesian Regional Public Health Authority in Ostrava investigated 2 separate cases of the presence of pathogenic microorganisms (Salmonella spp.) in sweet desserts which caused health complications in consumers after ingestion. No source of the infection has been identified in either case, howewer, in the second case a direct link was found between 3 affected persons and consumption of the desserts.
Fruit and Vegetable PricesNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):162
Environmental Noise Exposure and Its Effect on Population HealthREVIEW PAPERS
Alexandra Filová, Martin Samohýl, Ľubica Argalášová
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):155-162 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1396
The growing impact of environmental noise exposure on health is a major problems of our times. It particularly concerns the urban population living in areas with high levels of environmental noise. Increased levels of traffic and industrial activity are the major causative factors of this phenomenon. Increased noise levels cause interpersonal problems not only in occcupational settings, but during recreation, leisure, and social activities. This negative environmental factor differs from others in specifically affecting sleep and relentlessly increasing. In terms of public health, the disturbing effects of environmental noise manifest in increased...
Sodium and Its Impact on HealthREVIEW PAPERS
Marie Šubrtová, Halina Matějová
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):149-154 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1373
Excessive sodium intake is associated with many health complications, especially hypertension. Data on sodium intake show too high consumption in many countries around the world. In many cases sodium intake exceeds recommendation for adults, which is 2 g sodium/day. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Many studies have confirmed that dietary sodium reduction reduces blood pressure (BP). BP reduction was less significant in normotensive individuals than in individuals with hypertension. Nevertheless, there is a consensus that even a moderate decreasing in sodium intake is likely to have a beneficial impact on...
The Ethical Obstacles and Challenges of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Context of a Contemporary Health ServiceREVIEW PAPERS
Vladimír Bencko
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):143-148 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1353
Medicine is a specific area that draws not only on empirical knowledge of sciences but also on principles from the humanities, and the fact that health and disease are not only exclusively categorised as natural science but as value based entities where it is necessary to maintain proportionality between the legitimate requirements of biomedical research and ethical requirements and the moral imperatives of medical practice. It is here that we find the niche for ethics and ethical approaches to solving unclear or disputed issues of our actions; questions that are very sensitively perceived by the public, often leading to a loss of confidence in both...
The First Lady of IodineNEWS
Jan Ševčík
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):142
Change in Road Surface Noise in the Czech Republic Monitored by CPX MethodORIGINAL ARTICLES
Vítězslav Křivánek, Petra Marková
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):137-142 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1403
With regard to different trends in noise of various road surfaces over time (not only surfaces with reduced noise), long-term monitoring of gradual changes in noise of individual road surfaces is necessary. Relevant acoustic data related to road surfaces in the Czech Republic, albeit scarce, are in demand and sought for by ministries, road administrators, health supervisors, regional public health stations, Public Defender of Rights, etc. These data are used to select correct road pavement types or surface treatment. The article describes results of measurements performed by the Technological Agency of the Czech Republic No. TA01030459 - Change of...
Incidence of GMO Products in the CRNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):136
Indoor Air Quality at the Ice Stadium in Rychnov nad KněžnouORIGINAL ARTICLES
Monika Todtová, Martin Libotovský, Libuše Jůvová
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):133-136 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1397
This article describes health damage to ice hockey players during a match at the ice stadium in Rychnov nad Kněžnou in December 2012. A number of local investigations and air quality tests were conducted at the stadium. All match participants were interviewed and the medical records of all injured parties were examined despite the fact that according to doctors the event comprised acute inhalation trauma. Direct connection is apparently debatable because the affected hockey players failed to seek medical assistance immediately but only after some time following the event.
Monitoring of Nosocomial Infections - a Debt Owed by Public HealthEDITORIAL
Pavel Totušek
Hygiena 2015, 60(4):131-132
Particulate Matter in Cigarette SmokeNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):128
China is Aiming to Improve Health Inspection StandardsNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):128
The Involvement of Margaret Thatcher in the Tobacco IndustryNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):127
Comments on the Contribution of Prof. Kotulán on the Effectivity of Czech National Health ProgrammesDISCUSSION
František Kotěšovec
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):124-126 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1413
The author agrees with the opinions of Professor Kotulán apropos the pitfalls of the upcoming Health 2020 programme, as published in Hygiena no. 2/2015. He points out further related aspects, in particular the fact that there are very few old-school physicians active in the public health service which as such is to be a major contributor to the realisation of the programme. The commentary mentions the main specializations of doctors in public health, discusses experiences with prevention of smoking and other risk factors and emphasizes the importance of preventive activity based on specific local conditions.
The Genetic Background to Decreased Noise SensitivityNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):123
Physical Fitness Affect Academic Achievement in SchoolchildrenNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):123
Chlorates in Drinking Water: an Overlooked RiskDISCUSSION
František Kožíšek
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):122-123 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1406
Chlorate is not included in the group of parameters for routine monitoring of drinking water quality. That is why it is neglected by both water producers and the authorities. However, this disinfection by-product may under certain conditions occur in drinking water in high concentrations exceeding the probable limit value as has been shown in a survey of hundreds of samples of drinking water in one Czech region. High concentrations were found primarily in small water supplies and the most probable source of contamination is sodium hypochlorite used for disinfection, which is either old or stored under unsuitable conditions.
Traffic-related Airborne Pollution Increases Risk of Developing Breast CancerNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):121
Legal Actualities during 1.5.2015 - 31.7.2015SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):120-121 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1408
Health and Safety in UK Hairdressing SalonsNEWS
Redakce
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):119
Health Status of the Roma Population in SlovakiaREVIEW PAPERS
Mária Šupínová, Ladislav Hegyi, Cyril Klement
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):116-119 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1334
In the present study, the authors provide an overview of the health problems of the Roma population in Slovakia together with influencing factors and analyse factors. The demographic development of the Roma in conjunction with reproductive population health. The authors also present an analysis of the health of the Roma based on the partial results of surveys and self-assessed health status. The article briefly charts the area that is most outstanding in health problems of the Roma ethnic group in Slovakia. It informs the reader about the known causes of this condition. The authors see improvement in the health situation through a transcultural approach...
Global Life Expectancy in 2012NEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):115
Problems of Addictive Drug Abuse in PregnancyREVIEW PAPERS
Lidmila Hamplová, Simona Sedláčková, Zdeněk Veselý
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):112-115 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1402
In the Czech Republic there is a consistent slight increase of using illegal habit-forming substances especially among the young population, but abuse passes from former teenagers to the age of current parents. This phenomenon brings with it an increasing number of women who use addictive substances in pregnancy. Assistance in solving health and social problems associated with substance abuse for pregnant women and using mothers offers the specialized institution, Centre for the Family - Drop In, o. p. s., which cooperates with the Public Health (Hygienic) Service and academic sphere in the long term. In the years 2004-2014 there was in care of the...
The Old Testament on Infection and QuarantineNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):111
Famous Founders of the National Institute of Public Health in Prague, CRREVIEW PAPERS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):107-111 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1395
The National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic, was inaugurated 90 years ago on November 5th, 1925. The article remembers the eminent personalities of the specialists who were instrumental in the foundation and development of the institute in its formative years. Ladislav Procházka formulated the initial concepts of a centralised institute of public health and prevention of disease and as minister of health played a significant role in its realization. Alice Masaryková, daughter of T. G. Masaryk, the first president of Czechoslovakia, negotiated professional and financial assistance from the Rockefeller Foundation. Selskar Gunn,...
Exposure of US Population to Nitrosamines from Tobacco ProductsNEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):106
Prevalence of Smoking in Medical Students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of OstravaORIGINAL ARTICLES
Jana Povová, Andrea Dalecká, Hana Tomášková, Kateřina Vařechová, Vladimír Janout
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):102-106 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1354
The paper deals with smoking among doctors and medical personnel and the opinions of medical students regarding this problem in terms of their future intervention as doctors in helping their patients to stop smoking. A questionnaire survey among 255 medical students in the 1st to 4th years of study was performed at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava using the standardised to GHPSS international study questionnaire. Consumption of cigarettes water pipes, cigars and snuff was evaluated, as well as opinions on current anti smoking policy and the specific role of doctors in prevention of smoking. Results showed that 25% of students are smokers...
Levels of Metabolites of Phthalates, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Bisphenol A in Urine of Czech Students (Pilot Study)ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Anna Pinkr Grafnetterová, Karel Vrbík, Marek Malý, Jana Pavloušková, Andrea Krsková, Anna Drgáčová, Vítězslav Jiřík, Sylva Rödlová, Milena Černá
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):97-101 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1368
The main target of human biomonitoring is monitoring of exposure and effects of substances used in industry and determination of their concentrations in the human body. In this pilot study the metabolite levels of phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and bisphenol A were determined in urine. Their association with possible exposure sources was analyzed. The study comprised 95 adults (44 males and 51 females) aged 20 and 29 years from Prague and Ostrava. The analytes in urine samples were determined by liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS). Metabolite levels did not exceed limit values for...
Cross-Sectional Study of Body Posture in Roma and Non-Roma Children at Primary School AgeORIGINAL ARTICLES
Kvetoslava Rimárová, Jana Diabelková, Marta Hamráková
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):92-96 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1383
Current data about body posture of Roma pupils in Slovakia are very scarce and limited, therefore, our concern was to evaluate and compare the incidence of incorrect body posture of Roma and non-Roma schoolchildren. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in Košice in a sample of school children (265 Roma and 286 non-Roma children) aged 6-10 years, between period 2008-2011. Posture was assessed by Matthias test and the test of Jaros, Lomníček. The children were divided into two groups: non-Roma and Roma group of children. The results of our comparison confirmed that the Roma group of boys and girls has better quality of the postural system than non-Roma...
The 90th Foundation Anniversary of the National Institute of Public HealthEDITORIAL
Jitka Sosnovcová
Hygiena 2015, 60(3):91
Ing. Zdeněk Roth, Ph.D. Has Passed AwayNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):88
Remembering MUDr. Olga GröschlováNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):88
The Silesian Meeting of Preventive Medicine 2015NEWS
Renáta Brablcová
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):86-88
On the Effectivity of the Czech National Health ProgrammesDISCUSSION
Jaroslav Kotulán
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):81-85 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1375
The Czech national programme "Health 21", launched in 2002, completely failed in the field of primary prevention. The health determinants of life style (smoking, diet, overweight, physical activity, alcohol, drugs) did not improve in the 2002-2011 period. On the contrary, they got worse in some aspects. The incidence of mass non-infectious diseases increased. In the new programme in preparation for the period 2015-2020, a turn for the better should be reached. Prerequisites to it are discussed.
Flavourings in Electronic Cigarettes: an Unrecognized Respiratory Health Risk?NEWS
Drahoslava Hrubá
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):80
Legal Actualities during 1.2.2015-30.4.2015SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Eva Nekvindová
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):79-80 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1398
Nutrition and Water ConsumptionNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):78
Drinking Water Quality in Private Wells in Connection with Flood from Central Bohemia in 2013SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Jana Motýlová, Michaela Pajerová, Libuše Polanská
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):76-78 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1378
This article is a short summary of analyses of drinking water quality in private wells from which drinking water samples were collected in connection with the floods in 2013. After the floods subsided and following sanitation of the surrounding area and wells, Health Institute personnel collected samples of water from private wells which provided the only sources of drinking water for inhabitants. The tested samples of drinking water reached water quality requirements in only 6% of cases.
The Texas Experiment for a Healthier Menu for Children in RestaurantsNEWS
Jaroslav Kříž
Hygiena 2015, 60(2):75