Hygiena 2019, 64(2):45-51 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1705

Prevalence of allergic diseases and respiratory problems in children related to air quality in the Moravian-Silesian Region

Kristýna Žejglicová1, Vladimíra Puklová1, Jana Kratěnová1, Marek Brabec1, Marek Malý1, Martin Tomek2, Filip Urban2, Růžena Kubínová1
1 Státní zdravotní ústav, Praha, Česká republika
2 Vodohospodářský rozvoj a výstavba, a. s, Praha, Česká republika

Repeated surveys of respiratory health among Czech children conducted by the National Institute of Public Health in the past two decades revealed a higher prevalence of respiratory allergies, recurrent respiratory infections and non-specific respiratory symptoms in the Moravian-Silesian Region (MS Region) than the national average levels. In view of the substantial pollution of large areas in that region, our aim was to examine how the prevalence of allergic diseases and respiratory symptoms in children is related to spatially variable air quality. Cluster analysis (division of the region into areas differring by the characteristics of long-term air pollution) and multiple logistic regressions (comparing the respiratory diseases prevalence among regions) were used for this purpose. In the next step, the probable prevalence of respiratory allergies/disease/symptomes was spatially modelled using the generalized additive model. The data source for the analysis was a questionnaire survey conducted in 18 MS Region cities in 2015, involving more than 7,000 children aged 5, 9, 13 and 17 years. Long-term exposure to particulate matter PM10, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide was assessed on the basis of average concentration maps for the period 2009-2013. The results confirmed the assumption that the prevalence of the surveyed respiratory diseases, with the exception of diagnosed asthma, was influenced by the spatially variable air quality and contributed to the estimation of the occurrence of respiratory allergies and other diseases in children in the MS Region.

Keywords: respiratory health, children, air pollution, Moravian-Silesian region

Received: January 2019; Accepted: February 11, 2019; Published: June 13, 2019  Show citation

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Žejglicová K, Puklová V, Kratěnová J, Brabec M, Malý M, Tomek M, et al.. Prevalence of allergic diseases and respiratory problems in children related to air quality in the Moravian-Silesian Region. Hygiena. 2019;64(2):45-51. doi: 10.21101/hygiena.a1705.
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