Hygiena 2010, 55(4):117-123

Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Substances from Removing of Old Environmental Loads Using the Dispersion Model

Denisa Pelikánová1,2, Zdeněk Fiala1
1 Lékařská fakulta UK v Hradci Králové, Ústav hygieny a preventivního lékařství
2 EMPLA AG, spol. s r. o., Hradec Králové

The aim of the study was to build a two-dimensional view of potential health risk stratification associated with inhalation exposure of the population living in surroundings of a refinery-waste dump.

Methods: For that purpose there was used a combination of air pollutant concentrations and the dispersion model of substances in the environment. The monitoring of selected contaminants was realized in the place of old environmental loads and in the nearby residential area. The zones of concentrations were modeled by using an air dispersion program. Subsequently, the concentrations were converted by the PC program into a two-dimensional projection of the health risk zones. The risk was characterized using the hazard quotient (HQ) for substances with noncarcinogenic effect, and the individual lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for carcinogens.

Results: The contaminants monitored included sulphur dioxide (air concentrations in a populated locality 0.01-24 μg.m-3), toluene (0.004-3 ng.m-3), hydrogen sulphide (0.006-0.1 ng.m-3) and 16 representatives of PAHs (Toxic Equivalent (TEQ) of benzo(a)pyrene: 0.1-4 pg.m-3). "SYMOS'97" and "Surfer 32" were used as the basic computer tools for two-dimensional risk modeling. The highest value of contribution of toxic risk were found in sulphur dioxide (HQ=0.001-1.2). The values of the contribution of PAHs to the carcinogenic risk (ILCR), expressed as toxic equivalent (TEQ) benzo(a)pyrene, were in the range of 5.2.10-9 to 3.5.10-7.

Conclusions: The method of two-dimensional health risk stratification renders the situation more clear in the estimate of risk to the exposed population and eases the steps to be taken in regulating that risk. In the case of the refinery-waste dump assessed, there has not been found any increased risk of toxic effects in the exposed population, and there has been found an acceptable risk of carcinogenic effects.

Keywords: health risk assessment, old environmental loads, petroleum waste, refinery, inhalation exposure, dispersion model

Received: July 2010; Accepted: September 16, 2010; Published: December 1, 2010  Show citation

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Pelikánová D, Fiala Z. Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Substances from Removing of Old Environmental Loads Using the Dispersion Model. Hygiena. 2010;55(4):117-123.
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